Finite-element modelling of mechanobiological factors influencing sesamoid tissue morphology in the patellar tendon of an ostrich.
Finite-element modelling of mechanobiological factors influencing sesamoid tissue morphology in the patellar tendon of an ostrich.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.170133
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Hutchinson JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chadwick KP;Shefelbine SJ;Pitsillides AA;Hutchinson JR
肌腱或韧带包裹关节内籽骨的外观和形状被认为受到遗传和表观遗传因素的影响。鸵鸟（Struthio camelus）拥有两个籽骨髌骨（膝盖骨），其中一个（远端髌骨）是其血统所独有的，使其成为研究籽骨组织发育和进化的良好模型。在这里，我们使用有限元建模来测试的假设，鸵鸟髌腱的特定机械线索有利于形成多个髌骨。使用三维模型，允许应用的负载条件下，所有的肌肉，或只有远端或只有近端肌肉被激活，我们发现，有多个区域的肌腱内的软组织转化为纤维软骨是有利的，因此有可能多个髌骨仅基于机械刺激。虽然需要更多的研究来更好地了解普遍的机械生物学原理以及完整的发育过程，但我们的研究结果表明，使用剪切应变和压缩应变作为输入的组织分化算法可能是籽骨发育所需的组织分化的大致有效的预测因子。
The appearance and shape of sesamoid bones within a tendon or ligament wrapping around a joint are understood to be influenced by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Ostriches (Struthio camelus) possess two sesamoid patellae (kneecaps), one of which (the distal patella) is unique to their lineage, making them a good model for investigating sesamoid tissue development and evolution. Here we used finite-element modelling to test the hypothesis that specific mechanical cues in the ostrich patellar tendon favour the formation of multiple patellae. Using three-dimensional models that allow application of loading conditions in which all muscles, or only distal or only proximal muscles to be activated, we found that there were multiple regions within the tendon where transformation from soft tissue to fibrocartilage was favourable and therefore a potential for multiple patellae based solely upon mechanical stimuli. While more studies are needed to better understand universal mechanobiological principles as well as full developmental processes, our findings suggest that a tissue differentiation algorithm using shear strain and compressive strain as inputs may be a roughly effective predictor of the tissue differentiation required for sesamoid development.