How far does research influence policy
How far does research influence policy
复制标题
研究对政策的影响有多大
DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/4.4.233
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
G. Walt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Walt
本文认为，有办法使研究更适合决策者的需要和决策者更同情研究人员的需要，通过投资于更大的分析研究和政策之间的联系。它显示了公共卫生领域有多少人对研究过程持有相互矛盾的概念图片，假设政策过程是理性的而不是启蒙的模型。通过承认影响政策的研究障碍，就更容易围绕传播研究成果制定战略，使决策者更容易获得研究成果。因此，研究人员需要考虑政治可能在多大程度上影响政策制定者对研究成果的关注，他们需要考虑科学的不确定性在多大程度上导致政策制定中的扭曲或不作为，他们需要考虑研究结果的时机和沟通问题，认识到政策制定者的短期视野和明确展示科学发现的必要性。本文最后认为，公共卫生领域的人需要更多地关注政策环境，不仅要关注政策内容，还要关注政策的过程。通过使用政策分析框架，有可能确定和克服影响政策的研究障碍。
This paper argues that there are ways of making research more amenable to the needs of policy makers and policy makers more sympathetic to the needs of researchers by investing in greater analysis of the links between research and policy. It shows how many in public health hold contradictory conceptual pictures of the research process, assuming a rational ratherthan enlightenment model of the policy process. By acknowledging the barriers to research affecting policy it becomes easier to build strategies around the dissemination of research so that it becomes more accessible to policy makers. Thus, researchers need to take into account the extent to which politics may affect how much notice policy makers take of research findings, they need to consider how far scientific uncertainty leads to distortion or inaction in policy making and they need to consider issues around timing and communication of research results, recognizing policy makers' short-term horizons and the need for clear presentation of scientific findings. The paper ends by arguing that those in public health need to pay far more attention to the policy environment, looking not just at policy content, but also at the processes of policy. By using a policy analysis framework it is possible to identify and overcome the barriers to research influencing policy.