Adaptation of short-term plasticity parameters via error-driven learning may explain the correlation between activity-dependent synaptic properties, connectivity motifs and target specificity.
Adaptation of short-term plasticity parameters via error-driven learning may explain the correlation between activity-dependent synaptic properties, connectivity motifs and target specificity.
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通过错误驱动的学习适应短期可塑性参数可以解释活动依赖性突触特性，连通性基序和目标特异性之间的相关性。
DOI：
10.3389/fncom.2014.00175
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Vasilaki E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esposito U;Giugliano M;Vasilaki E
实验发现，神经元之间的解剖连接在大脑区域之间很大程度上是非随机的。这意味着某些连接基序出现的频率比偶然预期的要高。特别有趣的是，短期突触可塑性特性被发现与特定基序共定位：在神经元对中发现双向基序的过度表达，其中短期促进主导神经元之间的突触传递，而在短期抑制主导的神经元对中观察到单向基序的过度表达。在之前的工作中，我们发现，给定一个具有固定短期特性的网络，突触传递的短期和长期可塑性之间的相互作用足以导致特定主题的出现。在这里，我们引入了一种用于短期可塑性的错误驱动学习机制，它可以解释这种观察到的对应关系如何从随机初始化的动态突触发展而来。通过允许突触改变其属性，神经元能够根据错误信号调整自己的活动。这会产生更丰富的动态，并且如果学习机制是针对特定目标的，则会导致专门的突触组投射到功能不同的目标上，定性地复制 Wang 及其合作者的实验结果。
The anatomical connectivity among neurons has been experimentally found to be largely non-random across brain areas. This means that certain connectivity motifs occur at a higher frequency than would be expected by chance. Of particular interest, short-term synaptic plasticity properties were found to colocalize with specific motifs: an over-expression of bidirectional motifs has been found in neuronal pairs where short-term facilitation dominates synaptic transmission among the neurons, whereas an over-expression of unidirectional motifs has been observed in neuronal pairs where short-term depression dominates. In previous work we found that, given a network with fixed short-term properties, the interaction between short- and long-term plasticity of synaptic transmission is sufficient for the emergence of specific motifs. Here, we introduce an error-driven learning mechanism for short-term plasticity that may explain how such observed correspondences develop from randomly initialized dynamic synapses. By allowing synapses to change their properties, neurons are able to adapt their own activity depending on an error signal. This results in more rich dynamics and also, provided that the learning mechanism is target-specific, leads to specialized groups of synapses projecting onto functionally different targets, qualitatively replicating the experimental results of Wang and collaborators.
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