When earwig mothers do not care to share: Parent–offspring competition and the evolution of family life
When earwig mothers do not care to share: Parent–offspring competition and the evolution of family life
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当蠼螋妈妈不愿意分享时：亲子竞争与家庭生活的演变
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.12915
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Meunier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kramer;Körner;Maximilian;Janina M. C;Scheiner;Christine;Yüksel‐Dadak;Aytül;Christl;Teresa;Kohlmeier;Philip;Meunier
亲属间的竞争往往减少--有时甚至完全否定--家庭成员之间合作的好处。令人惊讶的是，亲属竞争对家庭生活健康效应的影响只在兄弟姐妹竞争的研究中得到了密切关注，而亲子竞争的可能性却很少受到关注。因此，目前还不清楚父母与后代的竞争是否以及如何影响父母的照顾和家庭生活的早期演变，在这里，我们研究了欧洲earwigForficula auricularia，一种兼性家庭生活的昆虫，让人想起祖先的状态，父母与后代的食物获取竞争的发生和后果。具体而言，我们（1）在食物限制下饲养幼仔，无论是否与母亲一起饲养，（2）测试在家庭生活中母亲和后代的潜在竞争性体重增加是否以及如何影响后代的存活率和形态，以及母亲未来的生殖投资。我们发现，在家庭生活中，母亲体重的增加降低了由母亲照料的后代的生存前景，同时增加了母亲对生产第二窝的投资（但不是存活后代的体型）。相反，后代的体重增加通常会增加后代的存活率，但当他们与母亲在一起时，这种情况会在更大程度上发生。有趣的是，那些表现出低初始体重的母亲表现出特别高的体重增加。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，母亲在食物限制下的存在引发了母亲和后代之间的局部竞争。这种竞争限制了后代的生存，但允许母亲增加对未来繁殖的投资和/或维持目前的身体状况。在一般水平上，我们的研究结果表明，亲子竞争可以抵消（临时）父母照顾的好处，因此可能会阻碍家庭生活在资源贫乏的环境中的进化。
Kin competition often reduces – and sometimes entirely negates – the benefits of cooperation among family members. Surprisingly, the impact of kin competition on the fitness effects of family life only received close scrutiny in studies on sibling rivalry, whereas the possibility of parent–offspring competition has attracted much less attention. As a consequence, it remains unclear whether and how parent–offspring competition could have affected the early evolution of parental care and family life.Here, we examined the occurrence and consequences of parent–offspring competition over food access in the European earwigForficula auricularia, an insect with facultative family life reminiscent of an ancestral state. Specifically, we (1) raised earwig offspring under food limitation either together with or without their mother, and (2) tested whether and how the — potentially competitive — weight gains of mothers and offspring during family life affected the offsprings' survival rate and morphology, and the future reproductive investment of their mother.In line with the occurrence of parent–offspring competition, we showed that high maternal weight gains during family life reduced the survival prospects of maternally tended offspring, while they increased the mothers' investment into the production of a second clutch (but not the body size of the surviving offspring). Conversely, high offspring weight gains generally increased the offsprings' survival, but did so to a larger extent when they were together with their mother. Intriguingly, mothers that had exhibited a low initial weight showed especially high weight gains.Overall, our results demonstrate that maternal presence under food restriction triggered a local competition between mothers and their offspring. This competition limited offspring survival, but allowed mothers to increase their investment into future reproduction and/or to maintain their current body condition. On a general level, our findings reveal that parent–offspring competition can counteract the benefits of (facultative) parental care, and may thus impede the evolution of family life in resource‐poor environments.A plain language summary is available for this article.
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母体食物反流至蠼螋若虫（Forficula aurillaryia）
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Staerkle;M. Kölliker
通讯作者：
M. Kölliker
皮翅目中的父母行为，特别是耳孔福里库拉里亚（皮翅目：福福科）
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
R. Lamb
通讯作者：
R. Lamb
蠼螋、耳蠼的波动不对称性和镊子尺寸
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
T. Radesäter;Hildur Halldórsdóttir
通讯作者：
Hildur Halldórsdóttir
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Wong JW;Lucas C;Kölliker M
通讯作者：
Kölliker M
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Falk, Joachim;Wong, Janine W. Y.;Meunier, Joeel
通讯作者：
Meunier, Joeel