INHIBITORY INTERACTIONS BETWEEN APPETITIVE AND AVERSIVE STIMULI
INHIBITORY INTERACTIONS BETWEEN APPETITIVE AND AVERSIVE STIMULI
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-2909.84.4.690
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发表时间：
1977-01-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
PEARCE, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DICKINSON, A;PEARCE, JM
在大鼠和其他动物中分别考虑了厌恶刺激对食欲动机行为和食欲刺激对厌恶动机行为的影响。根据3个行为标准评估真正抑制作用的证据：总和、阻滞和反调节测试。特别注意外周反应相互作用在确定测试结果中的作用。虽然厌恶刺激满足所有3个标准的抑制剂的食欲行为，证据表明，食欲刺激抑制厌恶动机的行为是远远不一致的。食欲刺激的抑制作用最有力的证据来自试图抵消厌恶刺激的强化特性的研究。这一系列的研究支持一般的动机理论，认为兴奋剂和抑制剂的功能等效的相反的情感价值。
The effects of aversive stimuli on appetitively motivated behavior and of appetitive stimuli on aversively motivated behavior were considered separately in rats and other animals. The evidence for a true inhibitory action was evaluated in terms of 3 behavioral criteria: summation, retardation and counterconditioning tests. Special attention was paid to the role of peripheral response interactions in determining test outcome. Although aversive stimuli met all 3 criteria as inhibitors of appetitive behavior, evidence that appetitive stimuli inhibit aversively motivated behavior was far less consistent. Strongest evidence for the inhibitory effect of appetitive stimuli came from studies attempting to countercondition reinforcing properties of aversive stimuli. This line of research supported general motivational theories that argue for functional equivalence of excitors and inhibitors of opposite affective value.