Social quality in the conservation process of living heritage sites
Social quality in the conservation process of living heritage sites
复制标题
活遗产地保护过程中的社会质量
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Kong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Kong
《联合国教科文组织世界遗产公约》于1972年11月16日通过。自那时以来，世界各地的公共和私营部门越来越重视保护和保存选定的文化和自然“物品”，重点是物理特性。世界遗产地受到广泛宣传，因此成为吸引世界各地大量游客的显著景点。然而，尽管有明显的经济利益和政治声望，这种大量游客的涌入扰乱了土著社区的社会质量，而且从长远来看，在大多数情况下破坏了土著社区的社会质量。社会质量的恶化最终会破坏保护政策的实施。本研究的目的是：1）确定在活着的世界遗产地实施的保护政策对传统社区社会质量的负面影响;（二）开发一种限制空间形态的设计工具，以克服对社会质量的负面影响。该研究为保护规划提供了一种新的方法，在实施联合国教科文组织世界遗产保护的同时，考虑到可持续的社会质量。程序.鉴于新的活动和行为体进入传统生活社区所带来的社会问题的复杂性和新奇，本文采用了比较案例研究的方法，采用现场调查和实地考察相结合的方法。已选定两个联合国教科文组织世界遗产地：中国云南省丽江的大研镇和日本中部地区的荻町村。在这两种情况下，保护方案都适用于遗址的物理特征。然而，从规划和设计的角度来看，它们的实施方式不同，因此对当地社区的社会质量产生了不同的影响：大研的情况是负面的，而荻町的情况是正面的。在第一种情况下，该研究已被用来确定问题的各个方面和参数，并制定一个假设约束的物理组织在保持社会质量的作用;在第二种情况下，该研究的目的是测试模型从假设推导出，并制定一个补充的设计准则。从文献中，研究定义的社会质量方面的可观察的，可衡量的社会指标的活遗产保护。从案例研究中获得的数据进行了分析，并在MOP（形态，操作，性能）框架内进行了概括。基于上述分析，本文的结论以设计指南的形式作为一种新的基于知识的设计工具。这些准则限制了空间形态，以促进社会互动和提高社会质量。从这项研究中推断，新的基于知识的设计工具与教科文组织目前保护土著社区社会质量的政策所适用的实物保护并行不悖。本文的研究结论受到以下几个方面的限制：所选案例的数量和类型;所采用的数据收集和数据分析方法。这些局限性可能会影响结论的推广和工具的适用性。然而，他们提出了进一步的调查方向，以更好地了解社会质量的维护和环境保护之间的关系。
The "UNESCO World Heritage Convention" was ratificated on November 16, 1972. Since then, both public and private sectors around the world have attached growing importance to the safeguarding and conservation of selected cultural and natural "objects", focusing on physical characteristics. World Heritage sites receive major publicity and as a result become notable attractions for large numbers of tourists from all over the world. However, in spite of the clear economic benefits and political prestige, this massive influx of tourists disrupts and in most cases, in the long run, destroys the social quality of indigenous community. The deterioration of social quality could ultimately undermine the application of conservation policy. The aim of this research is to: 1) identify the negative impact of conservation policies implemented in living World Heritage sites on the social quality of traditional communities; 2) develop a design tool constraining spatial morphology to overcome the negative influences on the social quality The study leads to a new approach to conservation planning that takes into account sustaining social quality while enforcing UNESCO World Heritage conservation program. Given the complexity and novelty of social problems as new activities and actors enter into traditional living communities, a comparative case-study approach has been adopted, employing on-site survey and in situ investigations by the author . Two cases of UNESCO World Heritage sites have been chosen: the Dayan town in Lijiang, Yunan province of China, and the Ogimachi village in the Chubu region of Japan. In both cases, the conservation program has been applied with respect to physical features of the sites. However, they have been implemented differently from a planning and design point of view, and thus have had different impacts on the social quality of local communities: negative in the case of Dayan and positive in the case of Ogimachi. In the first instance, the study has been used to identify the various aspects and parameters of the problem, and to develop a hypothesis about the role of constrained physical organization in retaining social quality; in the second instance, the study aims to test the model derived from the hypothesis and to develop a complementary design guidelines. Drawing from literature, the study defines social quality in terms of observable, measurable social indicators in the context of living heritage conservation. The data obtained from case studies have been analyzed and generalized within the MOP (Morphology, Operation, Performance) framework. Given the above analysis, the conclusion arrives as a new knowledge-based design tool in the form of design guidelines. The guidelines constrain spatial morphology to enable social interactions and enhance social quality. Extrapolating from this study, the new knowledge-based design tool works in parallel with the conservation of physical objects as applied by current UNESCO policy to safeguard social quality of indigenous community. The conclusions of this dissertation are limited by: the number and the type of cases selected; the methods of data collection and data analysis adopted. These limitations might affect the generalization of the conclusions and applicability of the tool. However, they suggest directions for further investigations towards understanding better the relation between social quality maintenance and environmental conservation.