75 Determining Soil Hydraulic Properties
75 Determining Soil Hydraulic Properties
复制标题
75 测定土壤水力特性
DOI：
10.1002/0470848944.hsa077b
复制
发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
K. Lipsius
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Durner;K. Lipsius
模拟非饱和土壤中的水和溶质迁移需要水力特性。数值模拟模型成功应用的瓶颈通常在于其参数估计要求。测定水力特性的方法可分为间接法和直接法。间接方法包括根据更容易测量的土壤特性通过土壤传递函数估计水力特性，以及根据保水曲线 (WRC) 预测不饱和水力传导率函数。在直接方法中，评估实验室或现场实验对流动属性的观察结果。本文回顾了根据保水特性估算水力传导率函数的常用方法以及实验室和现场的各种直接测量技术。最后，我们对测量技术的当代发展进行了展望，强调了实验逆向建模在获得最佳水力特性方面的关键作用，以及未来将非侵入性测量技术与随机数据融合逆向建模相结合的重要性。
Hydraulic properties are required for modeling water and solute transport in unsaturated soils. The bottleneck for the successful application of numerical simulation models lays usually in their parameter estimation requirements. Methods to determine hydraulic properties can be classified into indirect and direct approaches. Indirect methods encompass the estimation of hydraulic properties by pedotransfer functions from more easily measured soil properties, and the prediction of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function from the water retention curve (WRC). In direct methods, observations offlow attributes from laboratory or field experiments are evaluated. This article reviews common methods to estimate the hydraulic conductivity function from the water retention characteristic and various direct measurement techniques in the laboratory and the field. We conclude with an outlook on contemporary developments in measurement techniques, stressing the key role of inverse modeling of experiments to derive optimum hydraulic properties and the importance of a future combination of noninvasive measurement techniques with inverse modeling by stochastic data fusion.