How do material properties influence wear and fracture mechanisms?
How do material properties influence wear and fracture mechanisms?
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DOI：
10.5435/00124635-200800001-00019
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Pruitt, Lisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rimnac, Clare;Pruitt, Lisa
超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）髋关节和膝关节植入物部件的磨损和断裂机制备受关注。UHMWPE的材料特性受到用于灭菌和交联的电离辐射的影响。高剂量辐照交联可提高UHMWPE的耐磨性。然而，交联导致性质如延展性和抗疲劳裂纹扩展性的损失。在严重临床条件下（例如，撞击），高交联UHMWPE可能比传统UHMWPE更容易断裂。当代髋关节和膝关节模拟器研究提供了良好的信息，可用于筛选新UHMWPE配方的临床磨损性能。然而，缺乏类似的方法来筛选抗断裂性的HDPE。应开发力学试验以及计算材料和结构模型，以评价材料和几何形状（结构）对临床相关载荷条件下抗断裂性的综合影响。
The wear and fracture mechanisms of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) hip and knee implant components are of great interest. The material properties of UHMWPE are affected by ionizing radiation as used for sterilization and cross-linking. Crosslinking with high-dose irradiation has been shown to improve the wear resistance of UHMWPE. However, cross-linking leads to a loss in properties such as ductility and resistance to fatigue crack propagation. Highly cross-linked UHMWPE may be more susceptible than conventional UHMWPE to fracture under severe clinical conditions (eg, impingement). Contemporary hip and knee simulator studies provide good information with which new UHMWPE formulations can be screened for clinical wear performance. However, comparable methodologies are lacking for screening UHMWPEs for fracture resistance. Mechanical tests as well as computational material and structural models should be developed to evaluate the combined effect of material and geometry (structure) on fracture resistance under clinically relevant loading conditions.