Relationship between chemical and mineralogical properties and the rapid response to acid load of soils in humid Asia: Japan, Thailand and Indonesia
Relationship between chemical and mineralogical properties and the rapid response to acid load of soils in humid Asia: Japan, Thailand and Indonesia
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1747-0765.2008.00316.x
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发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Tetsuhiro Watanabe;N. Ogawa;Shinya Funakawa;T. Kosaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tetsuhiro Watanabe;N. Ogawa;Shinya Funakawa;T. Kosaki
土壤化学和矿物学性质与土壤酸负荷响应之间的关系是了解不同生态系统酸中和能力和阳离子行为的基础。以日本、泰国和印度尼西亚3个亚洲湿润地区的46个土壤样品为研究对象，测定了土壤交换性阳离子、总盐基和铝的含量，并采用酸滴定法研究了土壤对酸负荷的快速响应。酸滴定实验表明，土壤的盐基离子（特别是Ca和Mg）释放与交换性盐基密切相关，这在热带土壤中占主导地位; Al释放与Alo含量密切相关，这在日本土壤中占主导地位;为了获得进一步的信息，土壤碱度的来源，柱实验与盐酸进行了8个选定的土壤样品，其中一级动力学假设模拟的时间过程中的阳离子释放。在柱试验中，Ca、Mg的溶出量与可交换量接近，结晶矿物中Alo的溶出速度快于Al。阳离子释放的速率常数大的Ca和Mg，和小的Al，清楚地表明交换和溶解反应之间的差异。因此，土壤对酸负荷的快速反应在土壤中是不同的。在热带土壤中，阳离子交换反应占主导地位。在某些热带土壤中，Ca和Mg以交换态存在，占总量的比例较高，被认为容易被植物利用，但从土壤中淋溶出来。在日本的土壤中，包括Andisols，次生矿物溶解是显着的，导致了大的酸中和能力。在热带和日本的土壤中，酸中和能力低，阴离子吸附主要贡献酸中和。
Abstract It is essential to determine the relationship between soil chemical and mineralogical properties and soil response to acid load to understand the acid-neutralizing capacity and cation behavior of different ecosystems. For 46 soil samples from a subsurface horizon in humid Asia, that is, Japan, Thailand and Indonesia, exchangeable cations, total bases and oxalate-extractable Al (Alo) were determined, and acid titration was conducted to investigate the rapid soil response to acid load. The acid titration experiment indicated three types of soil response: (1) the release of base cations (particularly Ca and Mg) strongly correlated with exchangeable bases, which dominated the tropical soil samples, (2) the release of Al correlated with Alo content, which dominated the Japanese soil samples, (3) acid and anion adsorption in soil samples with low acid-neutralizing capacity. To gain further information on the source of soil alkalinity, a column experiment with HCl was conducted using eight selected soil samples in which first-order kinetics were assumed to simulate the time-courses of cation release. In the column experiment, the amounts of Ca and Mg released were close to the exchangeable amounts, and Alo dissolved more rapidly than Al in crystalline minerals. The rate constants of cation release were large for Ca and Mg, and small for Al, clearly indicating a difference between the exchange and dissolution reactions. Thus, rapid soil response to acid load differed among the soils. A cation exchange reaction was dominant in the tropical soils. In some tropical soils, Ca and Mg were present in exchangeable forms at a higher ratio in the total amounts and they were considered to be easily utilized by plants, but leached out from the soils. In the Japanese soils, including the Andisols, secondary mineral dissolution was conspicuous, resulting in a large acid-neutralizing capacity. In both the tropical and Japanese soils with low acid-neutralizing capacity, anion adsorption mainly contributed to acid neutralization.