GENETICS AND THE RISK FOR ALCOHOLISM
GENETICS AND THE RISK FOR ALCOHOLISM
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.254.18.2614
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
SCHUCKIT, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCHUCKIT, MA
遗传因素在酗酒中的重要性得到了这种疾病的家族性的支持，同卵双胞胎的一致率明显高于异卵双胞胎，以及酗酒者的孩子的风险高出四倍，即使是在出生时被收养的。基于这一证据，目前正在寻找可能导致酗酒风险的遗传影响因素。对未来发展为酗酒的高风险人群（例如酗酒者的儿子）的研究表明，对适度剂量的乙醇的反应强度可能降低，事件相关电位的 P300 波幅度可能降低，背景皮质脑电图上的 α 波活动量可能降低。探讨了这些和其他发现的含义及其对医学实践的影响。
The importance of genetic factors in alcoholism is supported by the familial nature of this disorder, the significantly higher concordance rate in identical than in fraternal twins, and the fourfold higher risk for children of alcoholics, even when adopted out at birth. Based on this evidence, the search is under way to identify possible genetically influenced factors that might contribute to the alcoholism risk. Studies of populations at high risk for the future development of alcoholism (eg, sons of alcoholics) have revealed a probable decreased intensity of reaction to modest doses of ethanol, a possible decreased amplitude of the P300 wave of the event-related potential, and a possible decreased amount of .alpha.-wave activity on the background cortical electroencephalogram. The implications of these and other findings and their impact on the practice of medicine are explored.