Microbial Inorganic Carbon Fixation
Microbial Inorganic Carbon Fixation
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DOI：
10.1002/9780470015902.a0021900
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发表时间：
2010-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Takaaki Sato;H. Atomi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takaaki Sato;H. Atomi
二氧化碳固定是二氧化碳转化为有机化合物的生物过程。固定二氧化碳的有机体提供了支持地球上所有异养生物生存所必需的有机碳。本文介绍了微生物利用的各种二氧化碳固定机制。Calvin-Benson-Bassham循环在植物、藻类以及许多光和化学自养细菌中共享，可能是最广为人知的二氧化碳固定途径。然而，存在着许多微生物世界独有的其他途径，它们所利用的多样化的化学和策略是令人着迷的。在目前已知的六条碳固定途径中，有三条含有新型酶的途径是在过去几年才刚刚建立起来的。随着微生物的数量和多样性不断扩大，在不久的将来很有可能发现更多的新途径。主要概念：二氧化碳固定是二氧化碳转化为有机化合物的生物过程。固定二氧化碳的有机体提供了支持地球上所有异养生物生存所必需的有机碳。除了在植物和微生物中也发现的Calvin-Benson-Bassham循环之外，还有许多独特的二氧化碳固定途径。关键词：二氧化碳固定；Calvin-Benson-Bassham循环；还原三元酸循环；还原乙酰-CoA途径；3-羟基丙酸/MAIL-CoA循环；3-羟基丙酸/4-羟基丁酸循环；二元酸/4-羟基丁酸循环；古生菌；大红花；自养
Carbon dioxide fixation is the biological process through which carbon dioxide is converted to organic compounds. Organisms that fix carbon dioxide provide the organic carbon necessary to support the existence of all heterotrophic life on our planet. This article provides an introduction to the various mechanisms of carbon dioxide fixation utilised by microorganisms. The Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle is shared among plants, algae and many photo- and chemoautotrophic bacteria, and is probably the most well known carbon dioxide-fixation pathway. However, a number of other pathways exist that are unique to the microbial world and the diverse chemistry and strategies they utilise are fascinating. Among the six carbon-fixing pathways known at present, three pathways harbouring novel enzymes have just been established in the past few years. With the number and diversity of microorganisms still expanding, the possibilities are high that further novel pathways will be identified in the near future. Key Concepts: Carbon dioxide fixation is the biological process through which carbon dioxide is converted to organic compounds. Organisms that fix carbon dioxide provide the organic carbon necessary to support the existence of all heterotrophic life on our planet. In addition to the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle, which is also found in plants and microorganisms harbour a number of unique carbon dioxide-fixing pathways. Keywords: carbon dioxide fixation; Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle; reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle; reductive acetyl-CoA pathway; 3-hydroxypropionate/malyl-CoA cycle; 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle; dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle; archaea; rubisco; autotrophy