QUANTITATIVE GENETICS OF DEVELOPMENT - GENETIC CORRELATIONS AMONG AGE-SPECIFIC TRAIT VALUES AND THE EVOLUTION OF ONTOGENY
QUANTITATIVE GENETICS OF DEVELOPMENT - GENETIC CORRELATIONS AMONG AGE-SPECIFIC TRAIT VALUES AND THE EVOLUTION OF ONTOGENY
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1983.tb05619.x
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
ATCHLEY, WR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHEVERUD, JM;RUTLEDGE, JJ;ATCHLEY, WR
为了研究个体发育中的可变基因作用和可变基因作用对个体发育选择反应的影响，本文提出了大鼠实验种群中特定年龄体重和尾长之间的遗传相关性。还计算了表型、母体和环境相关性，并与遗传相关性进行了比较。三种基本类型的个体发育的基因效应被确定：基因效应，导致一个人是大于或小于平均在整个个体发育;基因效应，导致一个人是小于平均的个体发育早期和大于平均个体发育后期，反之亦然;和基因效应只在1或2个连续的年龄。在个体发育过程中，基因效应是恒定的，它解释了个体发育中的大部分遗传变异，并导致个体间平均生长曲线高度的变异。个体发育早期和晚期不同的基因效应占个体发育遗传方差的较小部分，但仍然很重要，并导致平均生长曲线形状的变化，独立于生长曲线高度的变化。个体发育中没有多效性效应的基因只占个体发育中遗传变异的一小部分。通过模拟不同年龄个体发育对选择的反应，证明了可变基因作用对个体发育选择反应的影响。表型、母体和环境相关模式与遗传相关模式相似。整合的指数是较高的母亲和遗传矩阵比表型，特别是环境矩阵。个体发育阶段在进化中的联系比人们仅根据表型相关性所推断的更为紧密。遗传，表型，母体和环境的相关模式是相似的年龄特定的重量和尾长。
Genetic correlations among age-specific weights and tail lengths in a laboratory population of rats are presented in order to investigate variable gene action in ontogeny and the effects of variable gene action on ontogenetic response to selection. Phenotypic, maternal and environmental correlations were also calculated and compared to the genetic correlations. Three basic kinds of gene effects on ontogeny are identified: gene effects which cause an individual to be either larger or smaller than average throughout ontogeny; gene effects which cause an individual to be smaller than average early in ontogeny and larger than average late in ontogeny, and vice versa; and gene effects acting only at 1 or 2 consecutive ages. Gene effects which are constant throughout ontogeny account for most of the genetic variance in ontogeny and cause variation in average growth curve height among individuals. Gene effects which are different early and late in ontogeny account for a smaller, but still significant portion of the genetic variance in ontogengy and cause variation in average growth curve shape, independent of variation in growth curve height. Genes without pleiotropic effects in ontogeny account for only a minor portion of the genetic variance in ontogeny. The effects of variable gene action on ontogenetic response to selection are demonstrated by a simulation of the correlated ontogenetic responses to selection at various ages. Phenotypic, maternal and environmental correlation patterns were all similar to the genetic correlation pattern. The indices of integration are higher for the maternal and genetic matrices than for the phenotypic and, especially, the environmental matrices. Ontogenetic stages are more closely linked in evolution than one would infer based on the phenotypic correlations alone. The patterns of genetic, phenotypic, maternal and environmental correlation are similar for age-specific weights and tail lengths.