The biology of heavy metals in the sea
The biology of heavy metals in the sea
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/00207238508710225
复制
发表时间：
1985-07
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Rainbow
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Rainbow
高于可用性阈值的重金属对海洋生物具有毒性，但许多重金属在较低浓度下对新陈代谢至关重要。沿海沃茨的重金属浓度局部升高，但在开放海洋中的水平在地球历史上一直稳定，海洋溶解浓度通常不是由金属从陆地进入的速度控制，而是由它们通过地球化学和更常见的生物过程从溶液中去除的速度控制，金属被海洋生物积累。海洋生物从溶液中吸收重金属取决于游离金属离子的可用性，由于与有机和无机配体络合，游离金属离子通常占总金属的很低比例。然而，疏水性金属化合物被相对快速地吸收，并且金属吸收可能涉及亲水性游离金属离子与配体的结合以穿过细胞膜。海洋生物积累的金属可以维持在一个代谢过程中。
Heavy metals are toxic to marine organisms above a threshold availability yet many are essential to metabolism at lower concentrations. Heavy metal concentrations are raised locally in coastal waters but levels in open oceans have stabilised during the earth's history and oceanic dissolved concentrations are typically controlled not by the rate of entry of metals from land but by the rate of their removal from solution via geochemical and more usually biological processes, the metals being accumulated by marine organisms. Uptake of heavy metals from solution by marine organisms depends on the availability of free metal ions, often a low proportion of total metal present as a result of complexation with organic and inorganic ligands. Nevertheless hydrophobic metal compounds are taken up relatively quickly and metal uptake may involve the binding of the hydrophilic free metal ion with a ligand for passage across the cell membrane. Metals accumulated by marine organisms may either be maintained in a metaboli...