Changes in the Abundance of Vascular Plants under the Impact of Industrial Air Pollution: A Meta-analysis
Changes in the Abundance of Vascular Plants under the Impact of Industrial Air Pollution: A Meta-analysis
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工业空气污染影响下维管束植物丰度的变化：荟萃分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Kozlov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Zvereva;M. Kozlov
我们应用元分析方法，以提高对陆地生态系统的初级生产力的污染的影响的理解。我们确定了73个数据源，报告了位于18个国家（137个效应量）的75个污染源周围的维管植物丰度的变化（以地面覆盖物的百分比，单位面积生物量，树冠郁闭度和茎断面积测量）。总的影响是负面的，但不同的植被层和类型的污染物。对生产力的最大不利影响是有色金属冶炼厂。树木的丰富度都减少了酸化和碱化污染，而灌木和田间植被的丰富度下降，只有附近的酸化污染。总体而言，在北方和温带森林中观察到植被减少，但在无树生物群落（沙漠，苔原或草原）中没有观察到。在酸化污染源附近，随着污染源作用时间的延长，对树木的危害程度逐渐增大，而在碱化污染源附近，危害程度逐渐减小。随着社区生产力的提高，对实地层的不利影响变得更加严重;结合以前的荟萃分析的结论，这一结果表明，多样化和高生产力的社区可能是最容易受到污染的影响。在一般情况下，污染对丰富的维管植物的影响是有害的，比他们的增长和多样性的影响，表明在污染的生态系统的初级生产力是由几个耐污染的物种的优先增长保持。
We applied a meta-analytic approach to improve an understanding of the effects of pollution on the primary productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. We identified 73 data sources reporting changes in the abundance of vascular plants (measured as the percentage of ground cover, biomass per unit area, canopy closure and stem basal area) around 75 polluters located in 18 countries (137 effect sizes). The overall effect was negative but varied among the vegetation layers and types of polluters. The strongest detrimental impact on productivity was due to non-ferrous smelters. The abundance of trees was decreased around both acidifying and alkalifying polluters, whereas the abundance of shrubs and field-layer vegetation decreased only near acidifying polluters. Overall, a decline of vegetation was observed in boreal and temperate forests but not in treeless biomes (deserts, tundra or grasslands). The magnitude of the detrimental effects on trees increased with the duration of the polluters’ impact around acidifying polluters but decreased around alkalifying polluters. Adverse effects on the field layer became more severe with increasing community productivity; in combination with the conclusions of previous meta-analyses, this result indicates that diverse and highly productive communities are likely to be the most susceptible to pollution impacts. In general, the pollution effects on the abundance of vascular plants were less detrimental than the effects on their growth and diversity, indicating that primary productivity in polluted ecosystems is maintained by the preferential growth of several pollution-tolerant species.