Geophysical Survey of the Dorset Palaeoeskimo Site of Point Riche
Geophysical Survey of the Dorset Palaeoeskimo Site of Point Riche
复制标题
里奇角多塞特郡 Palaeoeskimo 遗址地球物理调查
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jeremy Taylor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edward J. H. Eastaugh;Jeremy Taylor
本文介绍了2001年夏季在纽芬兰里奇角的多塞特古爱斯基摩遗址（EeBi-20）进行的地球物理调查（地质勘探）的结果（图1）。这项工作说明了考古学中最常用的两种地球物理技术的能力：磁力测量和电阻率，适用于半地下住宅的表征。地球物理勘测包括地球科学中开发的一系列用于地下勘探和绘图的科学技术。地球物理技术测量地球的各种物理性质，可分为两种不同的类型：被动和主动（Reynolds 1997）。被动方法测量地球自然场的变化，例如其重力场或磁场。有源方法将能量以信号或电流的形式传输到地面。当这种能量遇到不同的地下物质时，它会根据所遇到的物质的物理特性和记录的变化进行修改。在过去的40年里，许多这些地球物理技术已被考古学家用于考古遗址的勘探和调查。这些技术提供了一种快速和非侵入性的方法来识别文化特征，而不是更传统的考古调查方法，如测试坑。因此，在适当的情况下，考古遗址可以在不需要昂贵的挖掘的情况下被确定和绘制地图，从而节省时间和金钱，同时保持考古资源的完整性。地球物理技术也可以提供关于海洋生物保存潜力的信息。
THIS PAPER PRESENTS the results of geophysical survey (geoprospection) conducted during the summer of 2001 at the Dorset Palaeoeskimo site (EeBi-20) at Point Riche, Newfoundland (Figure 1). This work illustrates the capabilities of two of the most common geophysical techniques used in archaeology: magnetometry and resistivity, as applied to the characterization of semi-subterranean dwellings. Geophysical survey encompasses a range of scientific techniques developed in the earth sciences for subsurface prospection and mapping. Geophysical techniques measure a variety of physical properties of the earth and can be divided into two distinct types: passive and active (Reynolds 1997). Passive methods measure variations in the natural fields of the earth, for example its gravitational or magnetic fields. Active methods transmit energy into the ground in the form of a signal or current. As this energy encounters different subsurface materials it is modified depending upon the physical characteristics of the material encountered, and the variation recorded. Over the last 40 years, many of these geophysical techniques have been adapted by archaeologists for the exploration and investigation of archaeological sites. These techniques provide a rapid and non-invasive method for the identification of cultural features, as opposed to more traditional archaeological survey methods, such as test pitting. Archaeological sites can therefore, in appropriate circumstances, be identified and mapped without the need for costly excavation, thus saving both time and money whilst leaving the archaeological resource intact. Geophysical techniques can also provide information on the preservation potential of