The politics of depopulation in Japanese municipalities: Ideas and underlying ideologies

The politics of depopulation in Japanese municipalities: Ideas and underlying ideologies
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日本城市人口减少的政治:思想和潜在意识形态

DOI:
10.1080/18692729.2023.2191478
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hijino Ken Victor Leonard
Hijino Ken Victor Leonard
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
河村有教;村山淳子;伏見岳人;小嶋崇弘;Hijino Ken Victor Leonard

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最近的研究试图通过“边缘化”的比较理论来理解日本人口减少的农村和地区。虽然这些研究认为,在人口减少的社区边缘化的一个关键决定因素是缺乏政治机构,很少有研究系统地调查适应人口减少的内部和选举政治。本文调查了这一过程的一个方面:当选官员和候选人如何定位自己和竞争有关人口减少的问题。我们首先分析了与人口减少有关的两个政策领域的政治思想:1)旨在吸引年轻家庭和人们搬迁到市政府的各种措施和2)公立学校的关闭和合并。这篇文章描绘了推动政策适应和应对人口减少的关键思想和假设。我们发现两种想法--我们称之为“人口主义”和“倾听主义”--在话语中普遍存在。此外,我们发现关于人口减少的争论在很大程度上与关于国家的作用和规模的更广泛的意识形态辩论脱节,优先考虑社区而不是个人利益,或者作为一个社区更加开放或封闭,等等。
Recent research has tried to understand Japan’s depopulating countryside and regions through the comparative theory of “peripheralization”. Though these studies argue that a critical determinant of peripheralization in depopulating communities is a lack of political agency, few studies systematically investigate the internal and electoral politics of adapting to depopulation. This paper investigates one aspect of this process: how elected officials and candidates position themselves and contest issues concerning depopulation. We start by analyzing the ideas driving politics in two policy areas related to shrinking populations: 1) various measures aimed at attracting young families and people to relocate to the municipality and 2) the closure and merger of public schools. The article maps the key ideas and assumptions driving policies to adapt and combat depopulation. We find two ideas – what we call “populationism” and “listenism” – prevalent in the discourse. In addition, we find contestation about depopulation largely disconnected from broader ideological debates about the role and size of the state, prioritizing community over individual interests, or being more open or closed as a community, etc.
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