Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of lung cancer among men and women
Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of lung cancer among men and women
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DOI：
10.1093/jnci/92.22.1812
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发表时间：
2000-11-15
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Colditz, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Feskanich, D;Ziegler, RG;Colditz, GA
背景：富含水果和蔬菜的饮食已被证明与较低的肺癌风险相关。β -胡萝卜素被认为是明显的保护作用的主要原因，但这一假设没有得到临床试验的支持。方法：我们检查了护士健康研究中的77283名女性和卫生专业人员随访研究中的47778名男性的肺癌风险与水果和蔬菜消费之间的关系。研究人员使用食物频率调查问卷对饮食进行评估，调查问卷包括15种水果和23种蔬菜。我们使用逻辑回归模型来估计每个队列中肺癌的相对风险（rr），所有统计检验都是双侧的。结果：我们记录了519例女性肺癌病例和274例男性肺癌病例。水果和蔬菜的总摄入量与女性患肺癌的风险适度降低有关，但与男性无关。在调整吸烟状况、每天吸烟数量、戒烟时间和开始吸烟年龄后，女性最高五分位数对最低五分位数的RR为0.79(95%可信区间[CI] = 0.59-1.06)，男性最高五分位数对最低五分位数的RR为1.12 （95% CI = 0.74-1.69）。然而，在联合队列中，从不吸烟者的总水果和蔬菜摄入量与肺癌风险降低有关，尽管这种降低没有统计学意义（RR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.35-1.12）。结论：高水果和蔬菜摄入量与女性肺癌风险降低有关，但与男性无关。尽管水果和蔬菜对从不吸烟的男性和女性都有保护作用，但未测量的吸烟特征可能混淆了女性之间的负相关关系。
Background: Diets high in fruits and vegetables have been shown to be associated with a lower risk of lung cancer. beta -Carotene was hypothesized to be largely responsible for the apparent protective effect, but this hypothesis was not supported by clinical trials. Methods: We examined the association between lung cancer risk and fruit and vegetable consumption in 77283 women in the Nurses' Health Study and 47778 men in the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study. Diet was assessed with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire that included 15 fruits and 23 vegetables. We used logistic regression models to estimate relative risks (RRs) of lung cancer within each cohort, All statistical tests were two-sided, Results: We documented 519 lung cancer cases among the women and 274 among the men. Total fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with a modestly lower risk of lung cancer among the women but not among the men. The RR for the highest versus lowest quintile of intake was 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.59-1.06) among the women and 1.12 (95% CI = 0.74-1.69) among the men after adjustment for smoking status, quantity of cigarettes smoked per day, time since quitting smoking, and age at initiation of smoking. However, total fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer among never smokers in the combined cohorts, although the reduction was not statistically significant (RR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.35-1.12 in the highest tertile). Conclusion: Higher fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with lower risks of lung cancer in women but not in men. It is possible that the inverse association among the women remained confounded by unmeasured smoking characteristics, although fruits and vegetables were protective in both men and women who never smoked.