Orographic Enhancement of Precipitation over Low Mountain Ranges. Part I: Model Formulation and Idealized Simulations
Orographic Enhancement of Precipitation over Low Mountain Ranges. Part I: Model Formulation and Idealized Simulations
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DOI：
10.1175/jam2389.1
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发表时间：
2006-08
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
M. Kunz;C. Kottmeier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kunz;C. Kottmeier
摘要本文提出了一个模拟低山区地形降水的诊断模式。它是基于线性理论的静水流在山区和计算凝结率从垂直提升在不同的模式层。其他几个物理过程，如水凝物漂移，蒸发和水分损失，被纳入模型中的简单参数化。理想化的降水模拟与不同的模式性能提供洞察地形降水的物理过程。蒸发，结合水凝物漂流到下降区，被确定为主要决定降水的空间分布的关键方面之一。在敏感性研究中，研究了模式参数和环境条件变化引起的地形降水的变化。模拟得到的强度及其空间分布对最低层温度T0非常敏感。
Abstract A diagnostic model for simulating orographic precipitation over low mountain ranges is presented. It is based on linear theory of hydrostatic flow over mountains and calculates condensation rates from vertical lifting at the different model layers. Several other physical processes, such as hydrometeor drifting, evaporation, and moisture loss, are incorporated in the model by simple parameterizations. Idealized simulations of precipitation with different model performances provide insight into the physical processes of orographic precipitation. Evaporation, in combination with hydrometeor drifting into descent regions, is identified as one of the key aspects that primarily determine the spatial distribution of precipitation. The variability in orographic precipitation that results from changes in model parameters and ambient conditions is investigated in sensitivity studies. Simulated intensities as well as their spatial distributions are very sensitive to the temperature T0 at the lowest layer an...