Impact of sulfamethoxazole on a riverine microbiome
Impact of sulfamethoxazole on a riverine microbiome
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DOI：
10.1101/2021.04.01.438070
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发表时间：
2021-04
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Borsetto;S. Raguideau;E. Travis;D. Kim;D. Lee;A. Bottrill;R. Stark;L. Song;J.C. Cha;J. Pearson;C. Quince;A. Singer;E. Wellington
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作者：
C. Borsetto;S. Raguideau;E. Travis;D. Kim;D. Lee;A. Bottrill;R. Stark;L. Song;J.C. Cha;J. Pearson;C. Quince;A. Singer;E. Wellington
呈现抗菌素耐药性的细菌病原体的持续出现被广泛认为是全球健康威胁，最近的注意力集中在抗生素耐药基因（ARG）的潜在环境储存库上。河流等淡水环境是ARG和抗生素耐药性细菌的潜在热点，因为它们接收来自废水处理厂（WWTP）的废水排放系统。废水还含有低水平的不同抗菌剂，包括抗生素和生物杀灭剂。磺胺类药物是广泛用于临床、兽医和农业环境的抗菌化学品，除河流生态系统外，还经常在污水污泥和粪便中检测到。这种暴露对ARG患病率和多样性的影响尚不清楚，因此本研究的目的是使用水槽系统研究亚致死浓度的磺胺化合物磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）对河流细菌微生物组的释放。该系统是一个半自然的体外水槽，使用河水（30 L）和沉积物循环模拟河流流量。进行了“组学”方法的组合，以研究SMX暴露对水槽内微生物组的影响。宏基因组分析表明，添加低浓度的SMX（<4 μg L−1）仅对水组分中的细菌抗性组产生有限的影响，在沉积物中没有观察到影响。元蛋白质组学没有显示出ARGs表达与SMX暴露在水中的差异。总体而言，河流细菌群落对短期暴露于亚致死浓度的SMX具有弹性，这模拟了这些群落全年在污水处理厂下游经历的暴露。
The continued emergence of bacterial pathogens presenting antimicrobial resistance is widely recognised as a global health threat and recent attention focused on potential environmental reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Freshwater environments such as rivers represent a potential hotspot for ARGs and antibiotic resistant bacteria as they are receiving systems for effluent discharges from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Effluent also contains low levels of different antimicrobials including antibiotics and biocides. Sulfonamides are antibacterial chemicals widely used in clinical, veterinary and agricultural settings and are frequently detected in sewage sludge and manure in addition to riverine ecosystems. The impact of such exposure on ARG prevalence and diversity is unknown, so the aim of this study was to investigate the release of a sub-lethal concentration of the sulfonamide compound sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on the river bacterial microbiome using a flume system. This system was a semi-natural in vitro flume using river water (30 L) and sediment with circulation to mimic river flow. A combination of ‘omics’ approaches were conducted to study the impact of SMX exposure on the microbiomes within the flumes. Metagenomic analysis showed that the addition of low concentrations of SMX (<4 μg L−1) had a limited effect on the bacterial resistome in the water fraction only, with no impact observed in the sediment. Metaproteomics did not show differences in ARGs expression with SMX exposure in water. Overall, the river bacterial community was resilient to short term exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of SMX which mimics the exposure such communities experience downstream of WWTPs throughout the year.