Control of sex development
Control of sex development
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.beem.2009.12.002
复制
发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Biason-Lauber, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biason-Lauber, Anna
性别分化的过程是几乎所有后生动物繁殖的中心，因此也是几乎所有多细胞生物体维持的核心。在性别发育中，我们可以区分两个不同的过程，性别决定，这是将未分化的胚胎定向为性二型个体的发育决定。在哺乳动物中，性别决定等同于性腺发育。第二个过程被称为性别分化，一旦通过性腺产生的决定表型性别发育的因素做出了性别决定，就会发生性别分化。关于性发育相关因素的大部分知识来自动物模型和对遗传或性腺性别与表型性别不匹配的病例的研究，即患有性发育障碍(DSD)的患者。一般来说，影响性别决定的因素是转录调节因素，而对性别分化至关重要的因素是分泌的激素及其受体。这篇综述集中在这些因素上，并尽可能地给出关于棱镜临床病例的参考文献。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The process of sexual differentiation is central for reproduction of almost all metazoan, and therefore, for maintenance of practically all multicellular organisms. In sex development, we can distinguish two different processes, sex determination, that is the developmental decision that directs the undifferentiated embryo into a sexually dimorphic individual. In mammals, sex determination equals gonadal development. The second process known as sex differentiation takes place once the sex determination decision has been made through factors produced by the gonads that determine the development of the phenotypic sex. Most of the knowledge on the factors involved in sexual development came from animal models and from studies of cases in whom the genetic or the gonadal sex does not match the phenotypical sex, that is, patients affected by disorders of sex development (DSDs). Generally speaking, factors influencing sex determination are transcriptional regulators, whereas factors important for sex differentiation are secreted hormones and their receptors. This review focusses on these factors and whenever possible, references regarding the 'prismatic' clinical cases are given. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.