FRACTURE-MECHANICS OF BONE
FRACTURE-MECHANICS OF BONE
复制标题
DOI：
10.1115/1.2895538
复制
发表时间：
1993-11-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
MELVIN, JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MELVIN, JW
本文综述了断裂力学原理在长骨骨折研究中的应用进展。一百多年来，创伤、生物力学和骨科领域对导致骨折扩展的载荷条件的预测一直很感兴趣。综述了不同研究者对骨断裂力学参数的独立验证，讨论了骨密度和试件厚度对牛股骨的临界断裂力学参数以及临界裂纹长度和塑性区大小等因素的影响，以及裂纹速度对牛胫骨断裂力学参数的影响。骨断裂力学技术应用于人类致密骨花了十多年的时间，主要是由于人类骨骼尺寸较小的几何约束。这项工作将与其他继续进行的工作一起审查，以确定骨骼中断裂力学参数的方位相关性，并改进克服样本大小几何约束所需的实验技术。讨论了确定人骨横向和纵向裂纹扩展的断裂力学参数以及确定年龄对这些参数的影响仍需进行的工作。最后，将讨论如何扩展这一知识，以便能够预测外部载荷下的整个骨骨折，以帮助设计保护系统。
This paper reviews the progress that has been made in applying the principles of fracture mechanics to the topic of fracture of long bones. Prediction of loading conditions which result in the propagation of fractures in bones has been of interest to the field of trauma biomechanics and orthopedics for over one hundred years. Independent verifications, by various investigators, of bone fracture mechanics parameters are reviewed and investigations of the effects of bone density and specimen thickness on the critical fracture mechanics parameters and of other factors such as critical crack length and plastic zone size in bovine femoral bone, and the effects of crack velocity on fracture mechanics parameters in bovine tibial bone are discussed. It took over ten years for the techniques of bone fracture mechanics to be applied to human compact bone, due primarily to geometric constraints from the smaller size of human bones. That work will be reviewed along with other continuing work to define the orientation dependence of the fracture mechanics parameters in bone and to refine the experimental techniques needed to overcome the geometric constraints of specimen size. A discussion is included of work still needed to determine fracture mechanics parameters for transverse and longitudinal crack propagation in human bone and to establish the effects of age on those parameters. Finally, a discussion will be given of how this knowledge needs to be extended to allow prediction of whole bone fracture from external loading to aid in the design of protective systems.