A New Look at the Super Outbreak of Tornadoes on 3–4 April 1974
A New Look at the Super Outbreak of Tornadoes on 3–4 April 1974
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重新审视 1974 年 4 月 3 日至 4 日龙卷风的超级爆发
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Hobbs
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Locatelli;M. Stoelinga;P. Hobbs
用常规方法和宾夕法尼亚州立大学国家大气研究中心第五代中尺度模式(MM5)对1974年4月2-5日从密西西比河到阿巴拉契亚山脉以东的龙卷风爆发进行了分析。对于初始条件，使用NCEP-NCAR再分析数据集运行MM5 48小时。结果表明，1974年4月2-5日暴风(本文称为超级暴发风暴)中的第一条破坏性锋线是由与波状涌浪相关的上升气流引发的。涌浪是太平洋冷锋向前推进进入稳定气团的结果。超级暴发风暴中的第二条主要狂风线产生了最强和最多的龙卷风，与高空冷锋的抬升直接相关。这第二条狂风线位于太平洋冷锋最远的前方，因为它被背风槽/干线遮挡。其中的一个重要因素是……
Abstract The outbreak of tornadoes from the Mississippi River to just east of the Appalachian Mountains on 2–5 April 1974 is analyzed using conventional techniques and the Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5). The MM5 was run for 48 h using the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis dataset for initial conditions. It is suggested that the first damaging squall line within the storm of 2–5 April 1974 (herein referred to as the Super Outbreak storm) was initiated by updrafts associated with an undular bore. The bore resulted from the forward advance of a Pacific cold front into a stable air mass. The second major squall line within the Super Outbreak storm, which produced the strongest and most numerous tornadoes, was directly connected with the lifting associated with a cold front aloft. This second squall line was located along the farthest forward protrusion of a Pacific cold front as it occluded with a lee trough/dryline. An important factor in the ...