Mass transfer limitation of biotransformation: Quantifying bioavailability
Mass transfer limitation of biotransformation: Quantifying bioavailability
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DOI：
10.1021/es960383u
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Zehnder, AJB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bosma, TNP;Middeldorp, PJM;Zehnder, AJB
生物转化是由微生物的生化活动和化学物质向微生物的传质控制的。提出了考虑浴液因素的生物利用度的一般数学概念。一种物质向细胞的传质和以该物质为主要底物的细胞的内在活性的综合效应用生物利用度数(Bn)来量化。这一概念可以很容易地扩展到二次衬底。该方法已用于解释在土壤浆体和渗滤柱中观察到的有机化合物的生物转化动力学。该模型允许我们预测阈值浓度，低于该浓度就不可能发生生物转化。根据环境系统和涉及的化学物质，预测的阈值浓度范围从每升纳克到克11个数量级，并与公布的实验数据相匹配。在大多数情况下，传质--而不是内在的微生物活性--是生物修复的关键因素。
Biotransformation is controlled by the biochemical activity of microorganisms and the mass transfer of a chemical to the microorganisms. A generic mathematical concept for bioavailability is presented taking bath factors into account. The combined effect of mass transfer of a substance to the cell and the intrinsic activity of the cell using the substance as primary substrate, is quantified in a bioavailability number (Bn). The concept can easily be extended to secondary substrates. The approach has been applied to explain the observed kinetics of the biotransformation of organic compounds in soil slurries and in percolation columns. The model allowed us to predict threshold concentrations below which no biotransformation is possible. Depending on the environmental system and the chemical involved, predicted threshold concentrations span a range of 11 orders of magnitude from nanograms to grams per liter and match with published experimental data. Mass transfer-and not the intrinsic microbial activity-is in most cases the critical factor in bioremediation.