Quinine and artesunate inhibit feeding in the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae: the role of gustatory organs within the mouthparts
Quinine and artesunate inhibit feeding in the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae: the role of gustatory organs within the mouthparts
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DOI：
10.1111/phen.12061
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Guerin, Patrick M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kessler, Sebastien;Gonzalez, Julia;Guerin, Patrick M.
描述了一种膜饲养试验，其中抗疟药物奎宁和青蒿琥酯对冈比亚按蚊的作用进行了测试。在本研究中，87%的雌性冈比亚伊蚊仅以全牛血为食，而分别只有47%和43.5%的雌性冈比亚伊蚊以生理盐水和生理盐水+牛血清白蛋白（BSA）溶液为食，这表明血液中的其他成分刺激了蚊子的摄食。在BSA溶液中加入1mm奎宁或青蒿琥酯后，肿胀率显著降低，分别降至16.2%和14.1%。然而，当血液中掺入1mm的青蒿琥酯和奎宁溶液时，摄食率更高，分别为67.8%和78.4%。血液中的青蒿琥酯（10mm）可使充血率降至20%。由于体外试验中影响人体内疟原虫的奎宁和青蒿琥酯的循环剂量远低于影响冈比亚疟蚊取食的剂量，这两种抗疟疾药物对以治疗患者为食的蚊子的感染率应该没有影响，或者只有很小的影响。由于只有柱头能穿透膜而不能穿透唇瓣，本研究的结果表明冈比亚拟南毛猴的内部味觉器官，即唇瓣顶端和唇瓣下的感觉细胞、唇瓣内面的感觉细胞或唇瓣受体细胞都能检测到血液吞噬刺激物和进食抑制剂。本研究描述了冈比亚雌蛛唇瓣内表面和唇瓣顶端和下唇瓣顶端的味觉感受器的神经解剖学。
A membrane feeding assay in which the effects of the antimalarial drugs quinine and artesunate are tested on Anopheles gambiaeGiles sensu stricto is described. In the present study, 87% of female A. gambiae are shown to feed on whole defibrinated bovine blood alone, whereas only 47% and 43.5% feed on saline and on saline+bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions, respectively, suggesting that additional components in the blood stimulate mosquito feeding. The addition of 1mm quinine or artesunate to the BSA solution results in a significant reduction in percentage engorgement to 16.2% and 14.1%, respectively. However, the feeding rate is higher when 1mm artesunate and quinine are mixed in the blood because 67.8% and 78.4% of females engorge on these solutions respectively. Artesunate (10mm) in the blood reduces percentage engorgement to 20%. Because circulating doses of quinine and artesunate affecting Plasmodium in humans are much lower than those affecting feeding by A. gambiae in the in vitro assay, these two antimalarial drugs should have no effect, or only a minor effect, on the infection rate of mosquitoes feeding on treated patients. Because only the stylets penetrate the membrane and not the labellar lobes, the results of the present study suggest that both blood phagostimulants and feeding deterrents are detected by internal gustatory organs in A. gambiae, namely sensory cells in the apical and subapical labral pegs, in sensilla on the inner face of the labellar lobes, or by cibarial receptor cells. The neuroanatomy of gustatory sensilla on the apical and subapical labral pegs and on the inner face of the labellar lobes of female A. gambiae is described in the present study.