The social construction of natural troops of Japanese monkeys in Takasakiyama.
The social construction of natural troops of Japanese monkeys in Takasakiyama.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01733670
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发表时间：
1963-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Shin, Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Itani, J.;Tokisda, K.;Shin, Y.
大约在1952年11月至12月，我们首次开始对高崎山的日本猴群进行人工饲养。在此之前，1950年秋天，伊塔尼估计这支部队的人口为166人。他通过计算在山坡伸向大海的椿谷列队移动的猴子来获得这个数字。他的猜测是a不会是一个大数字。（Itani 1954）1953年春天，Itani调查了这支人工喂养的部队，发现其数量大大增加，因为其间有两个分娩季节，即1951年初夏和1952年。1953年春天，通过观察队伍行进进行了实地记录。 Itani从记录中得到了两个数字，201和206只，但他判断队伍规模更大，大约220到230只。（Itani 1954）猴子被人工喂养后，我们尽力对它们进行个体识别。然而，要识别从一岁到三岁的婴儿绝非易事，而且散布在饲养场周围相当大区域的200多只猴子也无法一一清点。因此，我们采用了以下方法来检查猴子的数量。我们以220为基本值。这代表了1953年分娩季之前估计的人口，即1952年的估计。从1953年分娩季开始，我们统计了每一个新生婴儿。这个数字被添加到基本值 220 中。通常很难检查每年有多少幼猴和母猴死亡或离开猴群，因此我们想出了一个大概的数字，并从获得的值中扣除。此后每年重复该方法。 1956年，调查这支部队的任务从板谷转移到了水原，但上述方法一直持续到1962年（水原1957年），即从第一次喂养开始的第10年。 1959年，该部队分为两支，A部队和B部队。 Sugiyama (1960) 报道了部队如何分裂。因此，在 1962 年 10 月产季结束后，发现 A 队有 790 人，B 队有 130 人，总共约 920 人。 1962年9月，板谷从水原手中接过部队调查工作。他对这个数字不太确定，一是他怀疑有更多的猴子离开了猴群或者死亡，二是每年统计新生婴儿的数量已经变得相当困难。板谷认为，高崎山的猴子数量应该少于官方数字920只。稍后我们会解释这十年间人口数量的变化。~ melhcd 6f 人口普查和社会结构分析现在需要重新审视。它成为12月份进行的普查生态学团队的主要研究课题
It was in about November to December, 1952 that we first started artificial feeding of the troop of Japanese monkeys in Takasakiyama. Before this, in the autumn of 1950, Itani estimated the population of this troop to be 166 da. He obtained this number by counting the monkeys that moved in procession across Tsubakidani where the mountain sloped down to the sea. His guess was that a would not be a large figure.(Itani 1954) In the spring of 1953 Itani investigated this artificially fed troop and found the population to be greatly increased, as there were two delivery seasons in between, in the early summer of 1951 and 1952. In the spring of 1953 field records were made by observing the troop moving in procession. Itani obtained from the records two figures, 201 and 206 individuals, but he judged the troop size to be larger, about 220 to 230.(Itani 1954)After the monkeys were artificially fed, we did our best to identify them individually. H6wever, it was by no means an easy task to identify infants ranging from yearlings to 3 years old, and it was impossible to count one by one more than 200 monkeys scattered over a considerable area around the feeding ground. So, we adopted the following method to check the monkey population. We took 220 as the basic value. This represents the population estimated before the 1953 delivery season, that is, the estimate of 1952. From the 1953 delivery season, we counted every new born baby. This number was added to the basic value, 220. It is very often difficult to check how many infant and female monkeys die or leave the troop every year, so we thought up an approximate figure and deducted it from the value obtained. The method was repeated every year thereafter. The task of investigating the troop was transferred from Itani to Mizuhara in 1956, but the above stated methGd was carried on (Mizuhara 1957) until 1962, the 10th year from the first feeding. In 1959 the troop split in two, A-and B-troops. Sugiyama (1960) reported on how the troop split. Thus A-troop was found to number 790 and B-troop 130, totaling about 920 individuals, in October 1962 after the delivery season. In September 1962 Itani took charge of the troop investigation from Mizuhara. He was not so sure of this figure because, first, he suspected that more monkeys had left the troop or died, and secondly, it had become quite difficult to count new-born babies every year. Itani believed that the number of monkeys of Takasakiyama should be less than the official figure of 920. We will explain later how the population changed during these ten years.~ Ihe melhcd 6f taking population census and analyzing the social structure now required a re-examination. It became the main study subject of the ecology team of the general investigation that took place during December