EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK-FACTORS IN SINGAPORE
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK-FACTORS IN SINGAPORE
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/23.3.553
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发表时间：
1994-06-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
TAN, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NG, TP;TAN, WC
背景。很少有研究评估变应性鼻炎与环境中促进空气致敏暴露的危险因素之间的关系，但从社区预防的角度来看，了解这些因素具有实际意义。对2868名年龄在20-74岁之间的成年人进行了一项以人群为基础的横断面研究。变应性鼻炎的定义是，在过去一年中，除了感冒或流感外，由过敏原引起的通常鼻塞和分泌物，伴有或不伴有结膜炎。4.5%的受试者报告过敏性鼻炎。男性、年轻人、印度人（与华人和马来人相比）、社会经济地位较高的人，以及研究的五个居民区中的三个，都观察到较高的粗患病率。重要的环境因素包括蟑螂侵扰、职业暴露、过去吸烟习惯、室外空气污染和经常大量接触烹饪油烟。养宠物、家里有地毯和被动接触烟草烟雾显示出微弱的、统计上不显著的关联。这与使用蚊香没有明显的联系。年龄、种族、公寓面积、居住面积、蜚蠊侵害情况、既往吸烟史、职业及炊事油烟暴露等因素经多因素调整后的显著决定因素。该研究强调了环境控制吸入暴露于常见过敏原和刺激物在预防变应性鼻炎中的重要性。
Background. Few studies have evaluated the relationship between allergic rhinitis and risk factors in the environment which promote aeroallergenic exposures, but knowledge of these are of practical importance from the point of view of community prevention.Method. A cross-sectional population-based study of 2868 adults aged 20-74 years was carried out. Allergic rhinitis was defined as the self-reported presence, in the previous year, of usual nasal blockage and discharge apart from colds or the flu, provoked by allergens, with or without conjunctivitis.Results. Allergic rhinitis was reported by 4.5% of the subjects. Higher crude prevalences were observed in males, younger adults, Indians compared to Chinese and Malays, those with higher socioeconomic status, and in three of five residential areas studied. Significant environmental factors included cockroach infestation, occupational exposure, past smoking habit, outdoor air pollution, and frequent heavy exposure to cooking fumes. Keeping pets, having rugs or carpets in the home, and passive exposure to tobacco smoke showed weak and statistically insignificant associations. There was no apparent association with use of mosquito coils or incense. The significant determinants after multivariate adjustment of all risk factors were age, race, flat size, area of residence, cockroach infestation, past smoking, and occupational and cooking fumes exposure.Conclusion. The study underscores the importance of environmental control of inhalational exposure to common allergens and irritants in the prevention of allergic rhinitis.