Distributed Beams: Concept of Operations for Polarimetric Rotating Phased Array Radar
Distributed Beams: Concept of Operations for Polarimetric Rotating Phased Array Radar
复制标题
分布式波束：偏振旋转相控阵雷达的操作概念
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Tian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Schvartzman;S. Torres;Tian
下一代天气监视雷达的重要要求包括提高数据质量和更快地更新体积数据。相控阵雷达（PAR）是一种能够提供所需功能的候选技术。旋转 PAR (RPAR) 是一种潜在的架构，可以提高当前基于抛物面反射器的美国天气监视雷达 - 1988 多普勒 (WSR-88D) 操作网络的功能，并且比其他候选 PAR 架构更便宜。然而，必须开发支持观测需求的 RPAR 操作概念。本文介绍的分布式波束 (DB) 技术提供了一种减少扫描时间或减少雷达变量估计方差的方法，方法是当雷达按方位角旋转时，在接收多个数字波束的同时，按方位角破坏发射波束。具体来说，基座的旋转速度是根据相干处理间隔（CPI）的持续时间得出的，以产生所需的空间采样。这导致来自后续 CPI 的光束方向大致相同，从而增加了可用于处理的数据样本的数量。可以对增加的可用样本进行连贯处理，以减少估计的方差。或者，通过减少每个 CPI 的样本数量并增加 RPAR 的旋转速率，可以在不增加估计方差的情况下减少扫描时间。给出的结果证明了 DB 技术在双偏振观测中的两种应用。鉴于该技术利用损坏的发射波束，其优点是以角度分辨率（波束宽度和旁瓣水平）下降以及与使用笔形波束相比灵敏度降低为代价的。如果在雷达设计过程中考虑到某些权衡，该技术可以作为 RPAR 操作概念的一部分来实现，以满足未来天气监视网络的要求。
Important requirements for a future generation of weather surveillance radars include improvements in data quality and more rapid update of volumetric data. Phased array radar (PAR) is a candidate technology capable of providing the required functionality. The rotating PAR (RPAR) is a potential architecture that could improve the capabilities of the current parabolic-reflector-based US Weather Surveillance Radar—1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) operational network and is more affordable than other candidate PAR architectures. However, RPAR concept of operations that support observational needs has to be developed. The Distributed Beams (DB) technique introduced in this article provides a way to either reduce the scan times or to reduce the variance of radar-variable estimates by azimuthally spoiling the transmit beam while receiving multiple digital beams as the radar rotates in azimuth. Specifically, the rotation speed of the pedestal is derived from the duration of the coherent processing interval (CPI) to produce the desired spatial sampling. This results in beams from subsequent CPIs in approximately the same directions, which increases the number of available data samples for processing. The increased number of available samples can be coherently processed to reduce the variance of estimates. Alternatively, by reducing the number of samples per CPI and increasing the RPAR’s rotation rate, the scan time can be reduced without increasing the variance of estimates. Results presented demonstrate both applications of the DB technique for dual-polarization observations. Given that this technique makes use of spoiled transmit beams, its benefits come at the expense of degraded angular resolution (beamwidth and sidelobe levels), and reduced sensitivity compared with the use of pencil beams. The technique could be implemented as part of an RPAR concept of operations to meet requirements for the future weather surveillance network if certain tradeoffs are accounted for in the radar design process.