Water Management in Ancient Tank Cascade Systems ( TCS ) in Sri Lanka : Evidence for Systematic Tank Distribution
Water Management in Ancient Tank Cascade Systems ( TCS ) in Sri Lanka : Evidence for Systematic Tank Distribution
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斯里兰卡古代水箱梯级系统 (TCS) 的水管理：系统水箱分布的证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Gangadhara
中科院分区：
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作者：
H. Jayasena;R. Chandrajith;K. Gangadhara
自公元前 3 世纪以来，斯里兰卡干旱和中间地带低地的水箱梯级系统不断发展，以有效管理地表水资源。从地形图上可以看出，坦克的空间分布似乎遵循一定的规律。本研究利用从 4633 个水箱收集的数据进行，旨在了解 Deduru Oya 河流域梯级水箱的分布模式。该流域的水箱密度为斯里兰卡最高（每 1.2 公里有一个水箱）。我们设计了一个水箱序列号，并沿着流域的轴线分配给每个水箱。基于各个梯级100毫米间隔的降雨情况，考虑降雨情况和梯级特征绘制了序列号变化。结果表明，水箱数量与水箱序列号之间的关系遵循对数线性关系，其中梯度从 0.210（1200-1300 mm 降雨区）变化到 -0.653（1800-1900 mm 降雨区）。本研究中定义为“级联度”的图表梯度从 1.6 到 4.5 变化，朝向 Deduru Oya 盆地的潮湿区域。系统属性，例如在潮湿地区增加水箱和在下游方向增加水箱尺寸，反映了梯级系统与当地形态和地理环境的整合。研究表明，斯里兰卡的水箱梯级系统已从简单的池塘演变为用于有效配水的系统化水箱模式。
Since 3 century BC tank cascade systems in the lowlands within the dry and intermediate zones of Sri Lanka have evolved in order to efficiently manage the surface water resources. The spatial distribution of tanks as exemplified by the topographic maps seems to follow a regular pattern. This study was conducted with data collected from 4633 tanks, to understand the distribution pattern of tanks in cascades in the Deduru Oya river basin. This river basin recorded the highest tank density (one tank in terms of numbers per 1.2 km) in Sri Lanka. We devised a tank sequence number and assigned to each tank along the axes of the watersheds. Based on rainfall regime of 100mm intervals over individual cascades, the sequence number variations were plotted considering rainfall regime and cascade characteristics. The results indicate that the number of tanks against the tank sequence number is following a log linear relationship in which the gradient varies from 0.210 (1200-1300 mm rainfall regime) to -0.653 (1800-1900 mm regime). The gradient of graphs defined in this study as the “Degree of Cascading” varies from 1.6 to 4.5 towards the wet regions in the Deduru Oya basin. System attributes such as more tanks in wetter areas and increasing tank size in a downstream direction reflect the integration of the cascade system with the local morphologic and geographic setting. The study indicates that the tank cascade systems in Sri Lanka have evolved from simple ponds to systematic pattern of tanks for efficient water distribution.