Prediction of Protein Ion-Ligand Binding Sites with ELECTRA.

Prediction of Protein Ion-Ligand Binding Sites with ELECTRA.
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DOI:
10.3390/molecules28196793
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发表时间:
2023-09-25
期刊:
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Xu D
Xu D
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Essien C;Jiang L;Wang D;Xu D

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蛋白质和离子之间的相互作用对于各种生物功能如结构稳定性、代谢和信号传递是必不可少的。鉴于超过一半的蛋白质与离子结合,确定离子结合位点变得至关重要。蛋白质离子结合位点的准确识别有助于我们了解蛋白质的生物学功能,在药物发现中起着重要的作用。虽然已经提出了几种计算方法,但由于金属和酸自由基的小尺寸和高通用性,这仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。在这项研究中,我们提出了IonPred,一种基于序列的方法,采用ELECTRA(有效学习编码器,准确分类令牌替换)预测离子结合位点,只使用原始蛋白质序列。我们成功地微调了我们的预训练模型,以预测九种金属离子(Zn2+,Cu2+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Mn2+,Na+和K+)和四种酸根离子配体(CO32−,SO42−,PO43−,NO2−)的结合位点。在独立测试数据集上进行比较时,IonPred在F1评分和MCC方面分别超过了目前最先进的六种工具44.65%和28.46%。我们的方法比现有的工具计算效率更高,在10分钟内为特定离子产生100个序列的预测结果。
Interactions between proteins and ions are essential for various biological functions like structural stability, metabolism, and signal transport. Given that more than half of all proteins bind to ions, it is becoming crucial to identify ion-binding sites. The accurate identification of protein–ion binding sites helps us to understand proteins’ biological functions and plays a significant role in drug discovery. While several computational approaches have been proposed, this remains a challenging problem due to the small size and high versatility of metals and acid radicals. In this study, we propose IonPred, a sequence-based approach that employs ELECTRA (Efficiently Learning an Encoder that Classifies Token Replacements Accurately) to predict ion-binding sites using only raw protein sequences. We successfully fine-tuned our pretrained model to predict the binding sites for nine metal ions (Zn2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Na+, and K+) and four acid radical ion ligands (CO32−, SO42−, PO43−, NO2−). IonPred surpassed six current state-of-the-art tools by over 44.65% and 28.46%, respectively, in the F1 score and MCC when compared on an independent test dataset. Our method is more computationally efficient than existing tools, producing prediction results for a hundred sequences for a specific ion in under ten minutes.
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