Remapping cortical modulation for electrocorticographic brain-computer interfaces: a somatotopy-based approach in individuals with upper-limb paralysis
Remapping cortical modulation for electrocorticographic brain-computer interfaces: a somatotopy-based approach in individuals with upper-limb paralysis
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DOI：
10.1088/1741-2552/aa9bfb
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Wang, Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Degenhart, Alan D.;Hiremath, Shivayogi V.;Wang, Wei
Objective.脑机接口（BCI）技术旨在为瘫痪患者提供恢复功能的手段。皮质电图（ECoG）使用放置在硬脑膜或皮质表面的圆盘电极来记录场电位活动。ECoG已被提出作为一个可行的神经记录模式的BCI系统，可能提供稳定的，长期的记录皮层活动的高空间和时间分辨率。之前，我们已经证明，脊髓损伤（SCI）受试者可以控制基于ECoG的BCI系统，自由度高达三个（Wang et al 2013 PLoS One）。在这里，我们扩大了这些研究结果，包括脑控制结果，从另外两个受试者上肢瘫痪，由于肌萎缩侧索硬化症和臂丛神经损伤，并调查潜在的运动和体感皮质区，使脑机接口控制。Approach.个体在感觉运动皮层区域植入高密度ECoG电极网格少于30 d。受试者接受训练，通过采用躯体位置控制策略来控制BCI，其中来自尝试的手臂和手部运动的高伽马活动驱动光标的速度。主要结果。参与者能够产生强大的皮层调制，这是不同的尝试手臂和手部运动的瘫痪肢体。此外，所有受试者都能够自愿调节这种活动，以控制移动的计算机光标与多达三个自由度的躯体位置控制策略。此外，对于那些电极覆盖躯体感觉皮层的受试者，我们发现躯体感觉皮层能够支持基于ECoG的BCI控制。意义这些结果证明了基于ECoG的BCI系统对瘫痪患者的可行性，并强调了在将此类系统转化为临床领域之前必须克服的一些关键挑战。
Objective. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology aims to provide individuals with paralysis a means to restore function. Electrocorticography (ECoG) uses disc electrodes placed on either the surface of the dura or the cortex to record field potential activity. ECoG has been proposed as a viable neural recording modality for BCI systems, potentially providing stable, long-term recordings of cortical activity with high spatial and temporal resolution. Previously we have demonstrated that a subject with spinal cord injury (SCI) could control an ECoG-based BCI system with up to three degrees of freedom (Wang et al 2013 PLoS One). Here, we expand upon these findings by including brain-control results from two additional subjects with upper-limb paralysis due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and brachial plexus injury, and investigate the potential of motor and somatosensory cortical areas to enable BCI control. Approach. Individuals were implanted with high-density ECoG electrode grids over sensorimotor cortical areas for less than 30 d. Subjects were trained to control a BCI by employing a somatotopic control strategy where high-gamma activity from attempted arm and hand movements drove the velocity of a cursor. Main results. Participants were capable of generating robust cortical modulation that was differentiable across attempted arm and hand movements of their paralyzed limb. Furthermore, all subjects were capable of voluntarily modulating this activity to control movement of a computer cursor with up to three degrees of freedom using the somatotopic control strategy. Additionally, for those subjects with electrode coverage of somatosensory cortex, we found that somatosensory cortex was capable of supporting ECoG-based BCI control. Significance. These results demonstrate the feasibility of ECoG-based BCI systems for individuals with paralysis as well as highlight some of the key challenges that must be overcome before such systems are translated to the clinical realm.