Gametogenesis in Plasmodium: Delving Deeper to Connect the Dots.
Gametogenesis in Plasmodium: Delving Deeper to Connect the Dots.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2022.877907
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.7
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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未来几十年，消除疟疾是许多热带国家的首要目标。控制传播，沿着对疟疾的准确和及时诊断，有效的治疗和预防，是实现这一目标需要同时满足的不同方面。目前的审查侧重于其中一个方面，即，传播控制，通过深入研究称为配子发生的事件。在疟原虫的生命周期中，配子体是有性阶段的第一个生命形式。寄生虫和疾病的传播主要取决于成熟配子体的数量、活力和性别比例及其在蚊子载体内的进一步发育。配子发生是配子母细胞转化为有活力的配子的过程，发生在蚊子中肠内，是一个严格调控的事件，在短时间内进行快速和多轮的DNA复制和多种细胞变化。中断配子体-配子转化应该限制疾病的成功传播和进展，因此是设计传播阻断策略值得探索的领域。本文就疟原虫配子发生的生理生化机制进行了综述，以期为控制疟原虫和疟疾传播提供参考。这篇综述还提出了一些关键的问题，配子发生的生物学在疟原虫，并提出了差距，仍然伴随着了解壮观的配子发生的过程。
In the coming decades, eliminating malaria is the foremost goal of many tropical countries. Transmission control, along with an accurate and timely diagnosis of malaria, effective treatment and prevention are the different aspects that need to be met synchronously to accomplish the goal. The current review is focused on one of these aspects i.e., transmission control, by looking deeper into the event called gametogenesis. In the Plasmodium life cycle, gametocytes are the first life forms of the sexual phase. The transmission of the parasite and the disease is critically dependent on the number, viability and sex ratio of mature gametocytes and their further development inside mosquito vectors. Gametogenesis, the process of conversion of gametocytes into viable gametes, takes place inside the mosquito midgut, and is a tightly regulated event with fast and multiple rounds of DNA replication and diverse cellular changes going on within a short period. Interrupting the gametocyte-gamete transition is ought to restrict the successful transmission and progression of the disease and hence an area worth exploring for designing transmission-blocking strategies. This review summarizes an in-depth and up-to-date understanding of the biochemical and physiological mechanism of gametogenesis in Plasmodium, which could be targeted to control parasite and malaria transmission. This review also raises certain key questions regarding gametogenesis biology in Plasmodium and brings out gaps that still accompany in understanding the spectacular process of gametogenesis.