Effect of Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation on Degradation of Polyurethane Buried in Soil
Effect of Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation on Degradation of Polyurethane Buried in Soil
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.00534-09
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Robson, G. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cosgrove, L.;McGeechan, P. L.;Robson, G. D.
本工作研究了生物刺激和生物强化作为去除土壤中聚氨酯（PU）废物的策略。用PU分散剂“Impranil”和/或酵母提取物生物刺激土壤微宇宙，或用PU降解真菌生物增强，并测定随后掩埋的PU的降解。土壤中的真菌群落和定殖埋PU上的固体介质进行了计数，并使用变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）进行了分析。与未经处理的对照土壤中的降解相比，单独使用酵母提取物或与Impranil一起使用的生物刺激增加了PU降解62%，并且与推定的PU降解物定殖PU增加45%相关。特定的真菌富集在土壤中的生物刺激，然而，这些真菌很少殖民地埋PU的表面。将用于土壤生物强化的真菌培养在无菌小麦表面以形成富含菌丝体的接种物。小麦，单独添加到土壤中时，PU降解增加了28%，这表明小麦生物量具有生物刺激作用。此外，小麦殖民与赤壳菌，青霉，青霉ochrochloron，或一个身份不明的毛霉菌属物种增加PU降解进一步30%至70%，这表明，生物刺激和生物增强协同工作，以提高PU降解。有趣的是，接种后4周，通过DGGE在土壤中或PU表面上检测到很少的接种真菌。然而，生物强化确实增加了土著PU降解真菌的数量，并导致了土著真菌种群组成的接种依赖性变化，这可能解释了观察到的降解增加。这些结果表明，生物刺激和生物强化都可能是修复受聚氨酯废物污染的环境的可行工具。
This work investigated biostimulation and bioaugmentation as strategies for removing polyurethane (PU) waste in soil. Soil microcosms were biostimulated with the PU dispersion agent "Impranil" and/or yeast extract or were bioaugmented with PU-degrading fungi, and the degradation of subsequently buried PU was determined. Fungal communities in the soil and colonizing buried PU were enumerated on solid media and were analyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Biostimulation with yeast extract alone or in conjunction with Impranil increased PU degradation 62% compared to the degradation in untreated control soil and was associated with a 45% increase in putative PU degraders colonizing PU. Specific fungi were enriched in soil following biostimulation; however, few of these fungi colonized the surface of buried PU. Fungi used for soil bioaugmentation were cultivated on the surface of sterile wheat to form a mycelium-rich inoculum. Wheat, when added alone to soil, increased PU degradation by 28%, suggesting that wheat biomass had a biostimulating effect. Addition of wheat colonized with Nectria haematococca, Penicillium viridicatum, Penicillium ochrochloron, or an unidentified Mucormycotina sp. increased PU degradation a further 30 to 70%, suggesting that biostimulation and bioaugmentation were operating in concert to enhance PU degradation. Interestingly, few of the inoculated fungi could be detected by DGGE in the soil or on the surface of the PU 4 weeks after inoculation. Bioaugmentation did, however, increase the numbers of indigenous PU-degrading fungi and caused an inoculum-dependent change in the composition of the native fungal populations, which may explain the increased degradation observed. These results demonstrate that both biostimulation and bioaugmentation may be viable tools for the remediation of environments contaminated with polyurethane waste.