Geochemical baselines of heavy metals in the sediments of two large freshwater lakes in China: implications for contamination character and history
Geochemical baselines of heavy metals in the sediments of two large freshwater lakes in China: implications for contamination character and history
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DOI：
10.1007/s10653-012-9492-9
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Wen, Hailong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wei, Chaoyang;Wen, Hailong
本研究的目的是估算中国太湖和滇池两个大型淡水湖表层沉积物中各种重金属的地球化学基线浓度，并评估这两个湖泊周围重金属污染的特征和历史。沉积物中的重金属浓度是通过现场调查获得的，并用已发表的数据进行了补充。采用累积频率和归一化的统计方法来获得基线。太湖的As、Sb、Hg、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的基线浓度分别为9.92、1.67、0.14、22.62、100.56、31.63、31.97、33.05和97.01 mg/kg，而太湖的基线浓度分别为24.60、4.29、0.25。滇池分别为36.78、135.68、90.05、50.76、73.56和208.76 mg/kg。太湖中这些重金属的基线浓度相当于瑞典和欧洲湖泊测定的工业化前浓度。相反，滇池的水平均远高于工业化前的水平。 Li、Fe、Sc、Ti、V 和 Al 被发现是适合归一化的参考元素，其中一种元素可用于预测除 Hg 之外的重金属的基线浓度。大部分重金属有1个拐点，只有太湖的Cu和Pb，滇池的Sb、Pb和Zn，在累积曲线中发现有2个拐点，表明太湖的Cu和Pb，滇池的Sb，Pb和Zn有显着的人为输入，与太湖和滇池各自的产业结构总体一致。
The aim of this study was to estimate the geochemical baseline concentrations of various heavy metals in the surface sediments of two large freshwater lakes in Taihu and Dianchi, China, and to assess the character and history of heavy metal contamination around the two lakes. Heavy metal concentrations in the sediments were obtained by field surveys and were supplemented with published data. The statistical methods of cumulative frequency and normalization were employed to obtain the baselines. The respective baseline concentrations for As, Sb, Hg, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were 9.92, 1.67, 0.14, 22.62, 100.56, 31.63, 31.97, 33.05 and 97.01 mg/kg, respectively, in Taihu, and 24.60, 4.29, 0.25, 36.78, 135.68, 90.05, 50.76, 73.56 and 208.76 mg/kg, respectively, in Dianchi. The baseline concentrations of these heavy metals in Lake Taihu were equivalent to the pre-industrial concentrations determined from lakes in Sweden and Europe. Conversely, those in Lake Dianchi were much higher than the pre-industrial values. Li, Fe, Sc, Ti, V and Al were found to be the suitable reference elements for normalization, and one of these elements could be used to predict the baseline concentrations of heavy metals except Hg. Most of the heavy metals had one inflexion, and only Cu and Pb in Taihu, Sb, Pb and Zn in Dianchi, were found to have two inflexions in the cumulative curves, suggesting remarkable anthropogenic inputs of Cu and Pb in Taihu, Sb, Pb and Zn in Dianchi, which are generally consistent with the respective industrial structure around Taihu and Dianchi.