Assessment of potential life‐cycle energy and greenhouse gas emission effects from using corn‐based butanol as a transportation fuel
Assessment of potential life‐cycle energy and greenhouse gas emission effects from using corn‐based butanol as a transportation fuel
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/btpr.71
复制
发表时间：
2008-11
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
May Wu;Michael Q. Wang;Jiahong Liu;H. Huo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
May Wu;Michael Q. Wang;Jiahong Liu;H. Huo
由于近年来ABE（丙酮-丁醇-乙醇）发酵工艺的进步导致其生产率和产量显着增加，丁醇的生产及其在汽车中的使用已成为值得评估的选择。这项研究估计了使用生物丁醇作为运输燃料的潜在生命周期能量和排放影响。它采用了一个从井到轮（WTW）的分析工具：温室气体、管制排放和运输中的能源使用（GREET）模型。对生命周期能源使用和温室气体（GHG）排放的估计是基于对玉米制丁醇生产工艺的白杨Plus®模拟，该工艺描述了谷物加工、发酵和产品分离。与生物丁醇相关的WTW活动包括玉米种植、玉米运输、丁醇生产、丁醇运输和车辆运营。在这项研究中，我们还分析了与生物丁醇共同生产的生物丙酮，作为石油基丙酮的替代品。然后，我们将生物丁醇的结果与传统汽油的结果进行了比较。我们的研究表明，驾驶以目前ABE发酵工艺生产的玉米基丁醇为燃料的车辆可以节省大量化石能源（39%-56%），并避免大部分温室气体排放负担，相对于使用传统汽油减少32%-48%。从能源角度看，每蒲式耳玉米从ABE工艺中产生的液体燃料比玉米乙醇干磨工艺少。从目前的ABE发酵中联产相当大部分的丙酮是一个挑战。应该对丙酮进行市场分析，并研究和开发能够尽量减少丙酮而提高丁醇产量的可靠替代技术和工艺。
Since advances in the ABE (acetone‐butanol‐ethanol) fermentation process in recent years have led to significant increases in its productivity and yields, the production of butanol and its use in motor vehicles have become an option worth evaluating. This study estimates the potential life‐cycle energy and emission effects associated with using bio‐butanol as a transportation fuel. It employs a well‐to‐wheels (WTW) analysis tool: the Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation (GREET) model. The estimates of life‐cycle energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are based on an Aspen Plus® simulation for a corn‐to‐butanol production process, which describes grain processing, fermentation, and product separation. Bio‐butanol‐related WTW activities include corn farming, corn transportation, butanol production, butanol transportation, and vehicle operation. In this study, we also analyzed the bio‐acetone that is coproduced with bio‐butanol as an alternative to petroleum‐based acetone. We then compared the results for bio‐butanol with those of conventional gasoline. Our study shows that driving vehicles fueled with corn‐based butanol produced by the current ABE fermentation process could result in substantial fossil energy savings (39%–56%) and avoid large percentage of the GHG emission burden, yielding a 32%–48% reduction relative to using conventional gasoline. On energy basis, a bushel of corn produces less liquid fuel from the ABE process than that from the corn ethanol dry mill process. The coproduction of a significant portion of acetone from the current ABE fermentation presents a challenge. A market analysis of acetone, as well as research and development on robust alternative technologies and processes that minimize acetone while increase the butanol yield, should be conducted.