The role of the monocyte in atherogenesis: II. Migration of foam cells from atherosclerotic lesions.
The role of the monocyte in atherogenesis: II. Migration of foam cells from atherosclerotic lesions.
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发表时间：
1981-05
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通讯作者：
R. Gerrity
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作者：
R. Gerrity
循环单核细胞在致动脉粥样硬化序列中的作用已被确定。作者已经能够证明一个“单核细胞清除系统”，其中大量的循环单核细胞侵入动脉中病变易发区域的内膜，成为吞噬细胞，并积累脂质。脂肪细胞病变的结果。一旦充满脂质，泡沫细胞通过穿过动脉内皮迁移回到血流中。随着脂肪细胞病变的发展，穿透性单核细胞与新兴泡沫细胞的比率降低，直到在晚期脂肪细胞病变中达到一比一的比率，这不会进一步进展。在同一动物中的晚期纤维动脉粥样硬化斑块不显示相同的特征，并且有平滑肌细胞参与。看来病变的进展至少部分是由于单核细胞清除系统未能清除足够的脂质造成的。在晚期脂肪病变中，由泡沫细胞清除引起的单核细胞侵入和内皮损伤可能通过引入来自巨噬细胞和血小板的生长因子并允许更大的脂质流入而促成斑块演变。通过从饮食开始检查血管和观察晚期非进展性脂肪细胞病变，有助于阐明该系统。这个系统可能存在于其他模型中，但由于文献中普遍存在的对晚期病变的研究而被忽视。
A defined role in the atherogenic sequence is proposed for the circulating monocyte. The author has been able to demonstrate a "monocyte clearance system" in which large numbers of circulating monocytes invade the intima of lesion-prone areas in arteries, become phagocytic, and accumulate lipid. A fatty cell lesion results. Once lipid-laden, foam cells migrate back into the bloodstream by crossing the arterial endothelium. The ratio of penetrating monocytes to emerging foam cells decreases as fatty cell lesions develop until a one-to-one ratio is achieved in late fatty cell lesions, which do not progress further. Advanced fibroatherosclerotic plaques in the same animals do not show the same characteristics and have smooth muscle cell involvement. It would appear that advancement of the lesion is at least partially a result of failure of the monocyte clearance system to remove sufficient lipid. The invasion of monocytes and endothelial damage caused by foam cell clearance may, in late fatty lesions, contribute to plaque evolution by introducing growth factors from macrophages and platelets and allowing greater lipid influx. Elucidation of this system was facilitated by the examination of vessels from diet initiation onwards and by the observation of late nonprogressing fatty cell lesions. It is possible that this system exists in other models but has been overlooked by a predilection for the study of advanced lesions that prevails in the literature.