Feasibility of postprandial optical scattering of lipoproteins in blood as an optical marker of cardiovascular disease risk: modeling and experimental validation.
Feasibility of postprandial optical scattering of lipoproteins in blood as an optical marker of cardiovascular disease risk: modeling and experimental validation.
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DOI：
10.1117/1.jbo.28.6.065002
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发表时间：
2023-06
影响因子：
3.5
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中科院分区：
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血脂水平(即甘油三酯(TGS)和胆固醇)是心血管疾病(CVD)风险的有力预测因素。目前测量血脂的方法需要有创性抽血和传统的实验室测试，限制了它们在频繁监测方面的实用性。对血液中携带甘油三酯和胆固醇的脂蛋白进行光学测量，可能会导致更简单的侵入性或非侵入性方法，以便更频繁和快速地进行血脂测量。研究脂蛋白对高脂餐前后(即餐前、餐后状态)血液光学性质的影响。使用Mie理论进行模拟以估计脂蛋白散射特性。通过文献回顾确定了包括脂蛋白大小分布和数密度在内的关键模拟参数。使用空间频域成像对体外血液样本进行了实验验证。我们的结果表明，血液中的脂蛋白，特别是极低密度脂蛋白和乳糜粒，在可见光和近红外波长区高度分散。据估计，高脂饮食后，血液在730 nm处的折合散射系数()增加了4%，2型糖尿病患者增加了15%，高甘油三酯血症患者增加了高达%。血液散射各向异性()的降低也随着TG浓度的增加而发生。这些发现为未来发展有创和无创的血脂光学测量方法的研究奠定了基础，这将提高心血管疾病风险的早期检测和管理。
Blood lipid levels (i.e., triglycerides (TGs) and cholesterol) are a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Current methods for measuring blood lipids require invasive blood draws and traditional lab testing, limiting their practicality for frequent monitoring. Optical measurements of lipoproteins, which carry TG and cholesterol in blood, may lead to simpler invasive or non-invasive methods for more frequent and rapid blood lipid measurements. To investigate the effect of lipoproteins on optical properties of blood before and after a high-fat meal (i.e., the pre- and post-prandial state). Simulations were performed using Mie theory to estimate lipoprotein scattering properties. A literature review was conducted to identify key simulation parameters including lipoprotein size distributions and number density. Experimental validation of ex-vivo blood samples was conducted using spatial frequency domain imaging. Our results indicated that lipoproteins in blood, particularly very low-density lipoproteins and chylomicrons, are highly scattering in the visible and near-infrared wavelength region. Estimates of the increase in the reduced scattering coefficient () of blood at 730 nm after a high-fat meal ranged from 4% for a healthy individual, to 15% for those with type 2 diabetes, to up to 64% for those suffering from hypertriglyceridemia. A reduction in blood scattering anisotropy () also occurred as a function of TG concentration increase. These findings lay the foundation for future research in the development of optical methods for invasive and non-invasive optical measure of blood lipoproteins, which could improve early detection and management of CVD risk.