Early Life Trauma and Social Processing in HIV: The Role of Neuroendocrine Factors and Inflammation.
Early Life Trauma and Social Processing in HIV: The Role of Neuroendocrine Factors and Inflammation.
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DOI：
10.1097/psy.0000000000001124
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发表时间：
2022-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Maki, Pauline M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rubin, Leah H.;Bhattacharya, Deeya;Fuchs, Joelle;Matthews, Abigail;Abdellah, Sarah;Veenhuis, Rebecca T.;Langenecker, Scott A.;Weber, Kathleen M.;Nazarloo, Hans P.;Keating, Sheila M.;Carter, C. Sue;Maki, Pauline M.
与未暴露于早期生活创伤（ELT）的艾滋病毒感染者（PWH）相比，社会处理困难和催产素（OT）水平较高的人更常见。OT/C反应蛋白因子调节了ELT表现的相关性，而骨髓迁移因子与社会处理准确性降低相关，而与ELT无关。针对OT/C反应蛋白和骨髓迁移因子的干预可能会改变PWH（包括ELT暴露个体）的社会处理。早期生活创伤（ELT）和艾滋病毒与社会处理缺陷有关。在艾滋病毒感染者（PWH）中，我们研究了面部情绪识别准确性是否因ELT而不同，以及神经内分泌因素（包括皮质醇、催产素（OT）和精氨酸加压素）和/或免疫系统措施是否在ELT-表现关联中发挥作用。我们使用了PWH药理学挑战研究的安慰剂条件下的次要数据。使用儿童创伤问卷（至少中度性虐待、身体虐待和/或情感虐待经历）测量ELT的存在。社会处理与面部情绪知觉测试（FEPT）。在5小时的研究期间对唾液免疫系统测量和皮质醇进行采样。在研究阶段开始时（12 pm）采集血液，以测量OT和精氨酸加压素。我们研究了ELT与FEPT的相关性以及ELT-FEPT相关性的5个生物调节因子（来自12个生物标志物的主成分分析）。在58名PWH（42名男性;平均[标准差]年龄= 33.7 [8.9]岁）中，50%支持ELT。与未暴露于ELT的PWH相比，暴露于ELT的PWH在所有情绪表达中的识别准确性较低（非标准化β [B] = 0.13;标准误[SE] = 0.05; p = 0.021，d = 0.63），OT水平较高（t（1，56）= 2.12，p = 0.039; d = 0.57）。对于总的准确性，OT/C-反应蛋白因子调节ELT-FEPT关联（B = 0.14; SE = 0.05; p = 0.014）;当因子低时，暴露于ELT的PWH的准确性低于未暴露于ELT的PWH，但当因子高时，准确性不高。对于恐惧、中性和快乐的面孔，也得到了类似的结果（p值<0.05）。无论ELT如何，骨髓迁移（MCP-1/MMP-9）因子与准确性降低相关（p值< .05）。我们的初步研究结果表明，ELT可能会改变PWH的社交处理，OT和C反应蛋白可能是改善暴露于ELT的PWH社交处理的目标，而骨髓迁移标记物可能是更普遍的PWH目标。
Social processing difficulties and higher oxytocin (OT) levels were more common in people living with HIV (PWH) exposed to early life trauma (ELT) compared with ELT-unexposed PWH. An OT/C-reactive protein factor moderated ELT-performance associations, whereas a myeloid migration factor was associated with reduced social processing accuracy regardless of ELT. Interventions that target OT/C-reactive protein and myeloid migration factors may alter social processing for PWH including ELT-exposed individuals. Early life trauma (ELT) and HIV are associated with social processing deficits. In people with HIV (PWH), we examined whether facial emotion identification accuracy differs by ELT and whether neuroendocrine factors including cortisol, oxytocin (OT), and arginine vasopressin, and/or immune system measures play a role in the ELT-performance association. We used secondary data from the placebo condition of a pharmacologic challenge study in PWH. Presence of ELT was measured with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (at least moderate experiences of sexual, physical, and/or emotional abuse). Social processing was measured with the Facial Emotion Perception Test (FEPT). Salivary immune system measures and cortisol were sampled across a 5-hour study session. Blood was collected at study session start (12 pm) to measure OT and arginine vasopressin. We examined the association of ELT with FEPT and five biological moderators (from principal components analysis of 12 biomarkers) of ELT-FEPT associations. Of 58 PWH (42 men; mean [standard deviation] age = 33.7 [8.9] years), 50% endorsed ELT. ELT-exposed PWH demonstrated lower identification accuracy across all emotional expressions (unstandardized β [B] = 0.13; standard error [SE] = 0.05; p = .021, d = 0.63) and had higher OT levels compared with ELT-unexposed PWH (t(1,56) = 2.12, p = .039; d = 0.57). For total accuracy, an OT/C-reactive protein factor moderated the ELT-FEPT association (B = 0.14; SE = 0.05; p = .014); accuracy was lower in ELT-exposed PWH versus ELT-unexposed PWH when the factor was low but not when high. Similar results were obtained for fearful, neutral, and happy faces (p values < .05). Regardless of ELT, a myeloid migration (MCP-1/MMP-9) factor was associated with reduced accuracy (p values < .05). Our pilot findings suggest that ELT may alter social processing in PWH, and OT and C-reactive protein may be a target for improving social processing in ELT-exposed PWH, and myeloid migration markers may be a target in PWH more generally.