Acidophilic green algal genome provides insights into adaptation to an acidic environment
Acidophilic green algal genome provides insights into adaptation to an acidic environment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1707072114
复制
发表时间：
2017-09-26
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Miyagishima, Shin-ya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirooka, Shunsuke;Hirose, Yuu;Miyagishima, Shin-ya
一些微藻适应于有毒金属含量高的极端酸性环境。然而，关于嗜酸藻类如何通过适应特定的酸性环境而从其各自的嗜酸性祖先进化而来的知之甚少。为了深入了解这一问题，我们确定了嗜酸性绿色衣原体的基因组序列，并在嗜酸性衣原体和嗜酸性衣原体之间进行了比较基因组和转录组分析。eustigma和它的嗜热近缘莱茵衣藻Chlamyeliumreinhardtii。结果表明，C.这可能有助于适应酸性环境。编码热休克蛋白和质膜H+-ATPase的基因在C.真鞭毛。该物种也失去了酸化细胞质的发酵途径，并通过水平基因转移获得了能量穿梭和缓冲系统以及砷解毒基因。此外，砷解毒基因已在基因组中成倍增加。这些特征在其他嗜酸绿色和红藻中也有发现，表明它们在适应酸性环境中存在着共同的机制。
Some microalgae are adapted to extremely acidic environments in which toxic metals are present at high levels. However, little is known about how acidophilic algae evolved from their respective neutrophilic ancestors by adapting to particular acidic environments. To gain insights into this issue, we determined the draft genome sequence of the acidophilic green alga Chlamydomonas eustigma and performed comparative genome and transcriptome analyses between C. eustigma and its neutrophilic relative Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The results revealed the following features in C. eustigma that probably contributed to the adaptation to an acidic environment. Genes encoding heat-shock proteins and plasma membrane H+-ATPase are highly expressed in C. eustigma. This species has also lost fermentation pathways that acidify the cytosol and has acquired an energy shuttle and buffering system and arsenic detoxification genes through horizontal gene transfer. Moreover, the arsenic detoxification genes have been multiplied in the genome. These features have also been found in other acidophilic green and red algae, suggesting the existence of common mechanisms in the adaptation to acidic environments.