High Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Infants: Associations with Baby Products
High Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Infants: Associations with Baby Products
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.5b03577
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发表时间：
2015-12-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Stapleton, Heather M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hoffman, Kate;Butt, Craig M.;Stapleton, Heather M.
含有聚氨酯泡沫的婴儿产品通常用有机磷酸盐阻燃剂（PFRs）处理，包括三（1,3-二氯-2-丙基）磷酸（TDCIPP）和三苯基磷酸（TPHP）。婴儿可能由于更多地接触这些产品而有更大的暴露，但对暴露水平或导致高暴露的因素知之甚少。我们从北卡罗来纳州招募了2-18个月的儿童来调查PFR暴露情况（n = 43；招募于2014-2015年）。家长们提供了潜在接触源和修饰物的信息，并报告了他们是否拥有常见的婴儿产品。我们在儿童尿液样本中测量了五种PFR代谢物。TDCIPP和TPHP的代谢物（二（1,3-二氯-2-丙基）磷酸（BDCIPP）和磷酸二苯酯（DPHP））最常被检测到（>93%的检出率）。其他代谢物很少被检测到（16种产品的BDCIPP水平是其他产品的6.8倍）
Infant products containing polyurethane foam are commonly treated with organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs), including tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCIPP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP). Infants may have greater exposure due to greater contact with these products, yet little is known about levels of exposure or the factors contributing to higher exposure. We recruited children age 2-18 months from North Carolina to investigate PFR exposure (n = 43; recruited 2014-2015). Parents provided information on potential sources and modifiers of exposure, and reported whether they owned common infant products. We measured five PFR metabolites in urine samples collected from children. TDCIPP and TPHP metabolites (bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP)) were most commonly detected (>93% detect). Other metabolites were detected infrequently (16 products had BDCIPP levels that were 6.8 times those with