Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs): Their past, present and future contributions to the advancement of marine geoscience
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs): Their past, present and future contributions to the advancement of marine geoscience
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DOI：
10.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.012
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hunt, James E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wynn, Russell B.;Huvenne, Veerle A. I.;Hunt, James E.
自主水下航行器（auv）在海洋地球科学中有着广泛的应用，越来越多地用于科学、军事、商业和政策部门。它们在宿主船上自主操作的能力使它们非常适合探索极端环境，从世界上最深的热液喷口到极地冰盖下。它们彻底改变了我们对海底成像的能力，提供了比水面船只更高分辨率的海底测绘数据，特别是在深水中。这篇文章重点介绍了AUV数据在海洋地球科学方面取得的重大进展。其主要应用包括：(1)海底火山作用和热液喷口研究；(2)低温流体逸出特征和化学合成生态系统的制图和监测；(3)浅水和深水环境中的底栖生物栖息地制图；(4)海底形态特征制图（如冰或沉积物重力流下形成的河床）。提出了一系列新的数据集，突出了auv在海洋地球科学研究中的多功能性，包括i)拖网作业对深水珊瑚丘影响的多频声学成像，iii)深海高分辨率海底显微摄影的收集，以及iii)活跃海底密度流的速度测量。与海洋地球科学潜在相关的AUV技术的未来发展包括具有增强悬停、长航时、极深或快速响应能力的新型车辆，而新型传感器的开发将进一步扩大可测量的地球化学参数的范围。(C) 2014年作者。这是一篇基于CC by-nc-sa许可（http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/）的开放获取文章。
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) have a wide range of applications in marine geoscience, and are increasingly being used in the scientific, military, commercial, and policy sectors. Their ability to operate autonomously of a host vessel makes them well suited to exploration of extreme environments, from the world's deepest hydrothermal vents to beneath polar ice sheets. They have revolutionised our ability to image the seafloor, providing higher resolution seafloor mapping data than can be achieved from surface vessels, particularly in deep water. This contribution focuses on the major advances in marine geoscience that have resulted from AUV data. The primary applications are i) submarine volcanism and hydrothermal vent studies, ii) mapping and monitoring of low-temperature fluid escape features and chemosynthetic ecosystems, iii) benthic habitat mapping in shallow- and deep-water environments, and iv) mapping of seafloor morphological features (e.g. bedforms generated beneath ice or sediment-gravity flows). A series of new datasets is presented that highlight the growing versatility of AUVs for marine geoscience studies, including i) multi-frequency acoustic imaging of trawling impacts on deep-water coral mounds, iii) collection of high-resolution seafloor photomosaics at abyssal depths, and iii) velocity measurements of active submarine density flows. Future developments in AUV technology of potential relevance to marine geoscience include new vehicles with enhanced hovering, long endurance, extreme depth, or rapid response capabilities, while development of new sensors will further expand the range of geochemical parameters that can be measured. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SA license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).