Measurement error in air pollution epidemiology: Guidance for uncertain times.

Measurement error in air pollution epidemiology: Guidance for uncertain times.
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DOI:
10.1002/env.2242
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发表时间:
2013-12
期刊:
影响因子:
1.7
通讯作者:
Peng, Roger D.
Peng, Roger D.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Peng, Roger D.

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很高兴能够讨论 Adam Szpiro 和 Chris Paciorek (SP) 关于空气污染流行病学测量误差的全面且澄清的论文。我认为这篇论文是许多方法论工作的结晶,其中一些是由 Szpiro 和 Paciorek 自己进行的,这些工作是在过去十年中针对空气污染浓度与健康结果之间的关联进行的。 SP 不仅深入了解了空气污染与健康队列研究中测量误差是如何产生的,还清楚地说明了其对健康影响参数估计的影响,并提出了一种新的解决方案来考虑各种类型的测量误差。对于那些不熟悉空气污染流行病学一般领域的人来说,可能值得简要回顾一下本文所处的背景,以澄清其意义。需要注意的一个关键点是,基本上所有关于空气污染对健康影响的研究的一个基本问题是,相关的暴露量并不是直接测量的。除了控制暴露的实验研究和可以直接监测个人或环境空气污染浓度的小规模观察研究之外,需要空气污染暴露估计的研究需要某种替代品。进行空气污染流行病学研究的优势之一是,主要大都市地区设有广泛的监测网络,可以提供可公开访问的数据。然而,在将数据与人群健康结果联系起来时,测量误差是必须付出的代价。
It is a great pleasure to provide a discussion of Adam Szpiro’s and Chris Paciorek’s (SP) comprehensive and clarifying paper on measurement error in air pollution epidemiology. I see this paper as a culmination of much methodological work, some conducted by Szpiro and Paciorek themselves, that has been conducted over the past decade regarding the estimation of associations between air pollution concentrations and health outcomes. Not only do SP provide insight into how measurement error arises in cohort studies of air pollution and health, they clearly specify its impacts on the estimation of the health effects parameters and propose a novel solution for accouting for the various types of measurement error.For those unfamiliar with the general area of air pollution epidemiology, it may be worthwhile to review briefly the context in which this paper sits in order to clarify its significance. A key point to note is that a fundamental problem of essentially all studies of the health effects of air pollution is that the relevant exposure is not directly measured. With the exception of experimental studies, where exposures are controlled, and smaller-scale observational studies where direct monitoring of personal or ambient air pollution concentrations can be accomplished, studies requiring air pollution exposure estimates require some kind of surrogate. One advantage of conducting air pollution epidemiological studies is that there are extensive monitoring networks sited in major metropolitan areas that provide publicly accessible data. However, measurement error is the price one must pay when it comes to linking that data with health outcomes in a human population.
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影响因子: 2
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