The stanniocalcin family of proteins.
The stanniocalcin family of proteins.
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DOI：
10.1002/jez.a.313
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发表时间：
2006-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. F. Wagner;G. DiMattia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. F. Wagner;G. DiMattia
锡钙素（STC）是一种多肽激素，最初在硬骨鱼中被鉴定为矿物质代谢的系统调节剂，并且以其对鳃、肠道和肾脏的钙/磷酸盐转运的调节作用而闻名。鱼类STC的哺乳动物同源物于1995年被发现，从那时起，人们对其在人类中的可能作用产生了越来越大的兴趣。此外，在哺乳动物STC领域的新发现正在导致其在鱼类中的作用的重大重新评估。也许其中最重要的是发现了第二个编码斯钙素相关蛋白（STC-2）的基因，首先在哺乳动物中发现，随后在鱼类中发现。本文从结构、功能和调控三个方面对鱼类和哺乳动物STCs的比较内分泌学进行了综述。然后，它深入研究了STC-1/STC-2生物学的一些较新的方面，这些方面已经使用经典和转基因方法发现。其中，最有趣的发现之一涉及受体介导的靶细胞器对STC的隔离。其他新发现的哺乳动物和鱼类STC变体的功能也进行了讨论，是最近发现的STC相关的同源物在无脊椎动物。基于我们目前的知识水平，很明显STC具有古老的谱系，并且STC蛋白质家族被证明在代谢、生殖和发育中具有重要作用。
Stannniocalcin (STC) is a polypeptide hormone that was originally identified in bony fishes as a systemic regulator of mineral metabolism, and is best known for its regulatory effects on calcium/phosphate transport by the gills, gut and kidneys. The mammalian homolog to fish STC was discovered in 1995 and has resulted in progressively growing interest ever since as to its possible role in humans. Moreover, new discoveries in the mammalian STC field are resulting in significant reappraisals as to its role in fishes. Perhaps the most significant of these has been the discovery of a second gene encoding stanniocalcin-related protein, or STC-2, first in mammals and subsequently in fish. This review covers the comparative endocrinology of the STCs in fishes and mammals from the perspectives of structure, function and regulation. It then delves into some of the newer aspects of STC-1/STC-2 biology that have been uncovered using both classical and transgenic approaches. Of these, one of the most intriguing discoveries relates to the receptor-mediated sequestration of STC by target cell organelles. The functions of other newly discovered mammalian and fish STC variants are also discussed, as is the recent discovery of STC-related homologs in invertebrates. Based on our current state of knowledge, it is apparent that STC has an ancient lineage and that the STC family of proteins is proving to have significant roles in metabolism, reproduction and development.