How reticulated are species?
How reticulated are species?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/bies.201500149
复制
发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hahn MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mallet J;Besansky N;Hahn MW
许多类群密切相关的物种具有网状系统发育。最近的基因组分析在许多昆虫和脊椎动物以及微生物和植物中都表明了这一点。在微生物中，横向基因转移是破坏严格的树状系统发育的主要过程，但在多细胞真核生物中，相关物种之间的杂交和渐渗可能更为重要。因为许多物种，包括古代主要谱系的祖先，似乎在适应性辐射中迅速进化，它们之间可能存在一些性相容性。因此，渗透和网状可以影响生命之树的所有部分，而不仅仅是最近的尖端物种。我们对适应性进化、物种形成、系统发育和比较生物学的理解必须适应这些最新的发现。基因渗入也具有重要的实际意义，尤其是对虫害和疾病控制中的转基因生物的管理而言。
Many groups of closely related species have reticulate phylogenies. Recent genomic analyses are showing this in many insects and vertebrates, as well as in microbes and plants. In microbes, lateral gene transfer is the dominant process that spoils strictly tree‐like phylogenies, but in multicellular eukaryotes hybridization and introgression among related species is probably more important. Because many species, including the ancestors of ancient major lineages, seem to evolve rapidly in adaptive radiations, some sexual compatibility may exist among them. Introgression and reticulation can thereby affect all parts of the tree of life, not just the recent species at the tips. Our understanding of adaptive evolution, speciation, phylogenetics, and comparative biology must adapt to these mostly recent findings. Introgression has important practical implications as well, not least for the management of genetically modified organisms in pest and disease control.