Changing Belarus? The Limits of EU Governance in Eastern Europe and the Promise of Partnership
Changing Belarus? The Limits of EU Governance in Eastern Europe and the Promise of Partnership
复制标题
改变白俄罗斯？
DOI：
10.1177/0010836709102736
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bosse G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bosse G
自冷战结束以来，欧洲联盟(EU)改造中东欧(CEE)的努力取得了巨大成功。2004年的东扩被广泛认为是欧盟历史上唯一最有效的外交政策战略，最近的欧洲邻国政策(ENP)的目的是在位于欧盟新的东部边界的国家重复这一成功。尽管ENP一直是欧洲学术界实质性讨论的主题，但白俄罗斯是东欧唯一一个在很大程度上逃脱了学术关注的国家。这篇文章总结了欧盟和白俄罗斯关系的最新发展，并试图解释欧盟对白俄罗斯的影响力非常有限。我们首先从外部治理的理论视角来审视欧盟与白俄罗斯的关系。然而，由于将欧盟传递其规范和价值观的能力视为理所当然，治理视角并没有解释欧盟在改变白俄罗斯方面取得的非常有限的成功。因此，我们重新审视了迈克尔·史密斯的秩序边界概念，以强调法律/制度、交易、文化和地缘政治因素对欧盟-白俄罗斯关系的影响。我们尤其认为，联盟与其邻国之间边界的存在和建设本质上是相互构成的过程。除了改变自己的边界(从而将其规则扩展到外部)，欧盟本身也受制于邻国制定的边界。在我们的结论中，我们将外部治理的概念并列为规则转移与伙伴关系，认为这是欧盟和白俄罗斯之间更合适的互动模式。
Since the end of the Cold War, European Union (EU) efforts in transforming Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) have been enormously successful. The 2004 enlargement is widely regarded as the single most effective foreign policy strategy in the Union's history, and the recent European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) was designed to repeat that success in countries located on the EU's new Eastern borders. Although the ENP has been the subject of substantive discussion in European academia, Belarus is the one country in Eastern Europe that has largely escaped scholarly attention. This article takes stock of recent developments in EU—Belarus relations and seeks to explain the very limited leverage of the EU over the country. We first examine the EU's relations with Belarus through the theoretical lens of external governance. By taking for granted the EU's ability to transfer its norms and values, however, the governance perspective does not account for the EU's very limited success in changing Belarus. We therefore revisit Michael Smith's notion ofboundaries of order'to highlight the impact of legal/institutional, transactional, cultural and geopolitical factors on EU—Belarus relations. We argue, in particular, that the existence and the construction of boundaries between the Union and its neighbouring states are essentially mutually constitutive processes. Besides shifting its own boundaries (and thereby extending its rules to outsiders), the EU is itself subject to the boundaries enacted by neighbouring states. In our conclusion, we juxtapose the notion of external governance asrule transfer'withpartnership'as a more suitable mode of interaction between the EU and Belarus.