Divergent trends of water bodies and their driving factors in a high-latitude water tower, Changbai Mountain
Divergent trends of water bodies and their driving factors in a high-latitude water tower, Changbai Mountain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.127094
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Pengyang Qi;Xiaoran Huang;Y. Jun Xu;Fengping Li;Yao Wu;Zehua Chang;Hongyan Li;Wenguang Zhang-Wenguang-Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pengyang Qi;Xiaoran Huang;Y. Jun Xu;Fengping Li;Yao Wu;Zehua Chang;Hongyan Li;Wenguang Zhang-Wenguang-Z
天然水塔对生态环境和人类活动的水资源需求的重要性不言而喻。它们也很脆弱，对人类活动和气候变化的影响极为敏感。然而，水塔中水体的变化却没有得到足够的重视。为此，选取第二松花江、图们江和鸭绿江的源头长白山这一典型的高纬度水塔，采用相关分析和Geodetector方法，分析了近几十年来长白山水体的变化及其对驱动因子交互作用的响应。结果表明，图们江水体呈明显的分异趋势，地表水面积显著增加，陆地储水量显著减少，这在高纬度水塔区是首次发现，用水量的大幅增加是造成图们江水体分异趋势的主导因素。其他两个流域的水体变化都是气候变化和人类活动共同作用的结果。值得一提的是，积雪对该水塔储水量的变化有显著的影响。与此同时，由于复杂的森林-湿地生态系统退化和气候变暖导致的融雪过程改变，水源保护能力降低，这可能是两个关键的根本原因。此外，我们创新性地发现，驱动因素的交互性增强是一个内在原因。研究结果将有利于该高纬度水塔的生态系统保护和下游供水的稳定。
The importance of natural water towers to water resource demand of the ecological environment and human activities is self-evident. They are also vulnerable and extremely sensitive to the effects of anthropogenic activities and climate change. However, water bodies change in water towers have not received sufficient attention. Therefore, Changbai Mountain, a typical high-latitude water tower, which is the source of Second Songhua River, Tumen River, and Yalu River, was selected to analyze the change of water bodies and its response to interaction of driving factors over recent decades by the methods of Correlation analysis and Geodetector. Results showed that there was an obviously divergent trend in water bodies, with a significant increase in surface water area (SWA) and a significant decrease in terrestrial water storage (TWS) in the high-latitude water tower, which was firstly found. The strong increase in water use was the dominant factor causing the divergent trends of water bodies in Tumen River. Changes in water bodies in the other two basins were all the result of the combined effects of climate change and anthropogenic activities. It is worth mentioning that snowpack had a noticeable influence on the change of water storage in this water tower. Meanwhile, reduced water conservation capacity due to degradation of complex forest-wetland ecosystems and altered snowmelt processes in the context of climate warming may be two key underlying causes. In addition, we innovatively found that the enhanced interactivity of the driving factors was an inherent reason. The results of this study will be beneficial for ecosystem conservation and stability of downstream water supply in this high-latitude water tower.