Cell protrusions and contractions generate long-range membrane tension propagation
Cell protrusions and contractions generate long-range membrane tension propagation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2023.05.014
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发表时间：
2023-07-06
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Weiner, Orion D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Belly, Henry;Yan, Shannon;Weiner, Orion D.
膜张力被认为是细胞生理学的长期整合者。膜张力已被提出，使细胞极性迁移过程中通过前后协调和远程突出竞争。这些作用需要有效的张力在整个细胞中传递。然而，相互矛盾的观察结果使该领域出现分歧，细胞膜是否支持或抵抗张力传播。这种差异可能源于使用可能无法准确模拟内生力的外生力。我们通过利用光遗传学来直接控制局部化的基于肌动蛋白的突起或肌动球蛋白收缩，同时使用双阱光镊监测膜张力的传播，从而克服了这种复杂性。令人惊讶的是，肌动蛋白驱动的突起和肌动球蛋白收缩都引起快速的全球膜张力传播，而单独施加在细胞膜上的力则不会。我们提出了一个简单的统一的机械模型，其中机械力，从事肌动蛋白皮质驱动器快速，强大的膜张力传播通过远程membrane流量。
Membrane tension is thought to be a long-range integrator of cell physiology. Membrane tension has been proposed to enable cell polarity during migration through front-back coordination and long-range protrusion competition. These roles necessitate effective tension transmission across the cell. However, conflicting observations have left the field divided as to whether cell membranes support or resist tension propagation. This discrepancy likely originates from the use of exogenous forces that may not accurately mimic endoge-nous forces. We overcome this complication by leveraging optogenetics to directly control localized actin -based protrusions or actomyosin contractions while simultaneously monitoring the propagation of membrane tension using dual-trap optical tweezers. Surprisingly, actin-driven protrusions and actomyosin contractions both elicit rapid global membrane tension propagation, whereas forces applied to cell membranes alone do not. We present a simple unifying mechanical model in which mechanical forces that engage the actin cortex drive rapid, robust membrane tension propagation through long-range mem-brane flows.