Through the Eyes of Love: Reality and Illusion in Intimate Relationships
Through the Eyes of Love: Reality and Illusion in Intimate Relationships
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DOI：
10.1037/a0019792
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
Kerr, Patrick S. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fletcher, Garth J. O.;Kerr, Patrick S. G.
本文回顾了有关浪漫关系判断准确性的研究文献和理论。我们首先提出了一个模型的认知（浪漫）关系，区分2种形式的准确性：平均水平的偏见和跟踪准确性。然后，我们报告了对异性恋、浪漫关系研究的荟萃分析结果，这些研究使用了外部基准，并报告了跟踪准确性（98项研究）和/或平均水平偏差（48项研究）。结果显示，跟踪准确性（r = 0.47）和正平均水平偏倚（r = 0.09）的总体效应大小稳健。正如预期的那样，在6个判断类别中，对跟踪准确性的影响是实质性的和积极的，而对交互归因（例如，爱，沟通）。结果表明，正如预期的那样，这两种形式的准确性是独立的，来自同一组38项研究的两种效应量是不相关的。正如预期的那样，性别，关系长度和关系评价在研究中调节了平均水平偏差，但（出乎意料地）没有跟踪准确性。在讨论中，我们根据研究结果、其他研究、调节变量（如自尊）、投射的作用、择偶的早期阶段、元认知以及动机性认知的合理性和性质来评估先验模型。我们的结论是，我们的模型，研究结果和分析有助于解决明显的悖论，即爱情是既撕裂与幻想和植根于现实，并支持进化和社会心理学的方法来理解认知的浪漫关系。
This article reviews the research literature and theory concerned with accuracy of judgments in romantic relationships. We initially propose a model of cognition in (romantic) relationships that distinguishes between 2 forms of accuracy: mean-level bias and tracking accuracy. We then report the results of meta-analyses of research on heterosexual, romantic relationships, which used external benchmarks and reported levels of tracking accuracy (98 studies) and/or mean-level bias (48 studies). The results revealed robust overall effect sizes for both tracking accuracy (r = .47) and positive mean-level bias (r = .09). As expected, the effects were substantial and positive for tracking accuracy across 6 judgmental categories, whereas signed mean-level bias was negative for the interaction attributions (e.g., love, communication). The results showed, as expected, that these 2 forms of accuracy were independent the 2 kinds of effect size derived from the same set of 38 studies were uncorrelated. As expected, gender, relationship length, and relationship evaluations moderated mean-level bias across studies but (unexpectedly) not for tracking accuracy. In the Discussion we evaluate the prior model in light of the findings, other research, moderating variables (such as self-esteem), the role of projection, the early stages of mate selection, metacognition, and the rationality and nature of motivated cognition. We conclude that our model, findings, and analyses help to resolve the apparent paradox that love is both riven with illusions and rooted in reality, and support both evolutionary and social psychological approaches to understanding cognition in romantic relationships.