Expression of neuropeptide- and hormone-encoding genes in the Ciona intestinalis larval brain
Expression of neuropeptide- and hormone-encoding genes in the Ciona intestinalis larval brain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.01.006
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发表时间：
2011-04-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Satoh, Nori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hamada, Mayuko;Shimozono, Naoki;Satoh, Nori
尽管只含有大约330个细胞，但玻璃海鞘幼虫的中枢神经系统（CNS）具有与脊椎动物CNS相似的结构。虽然只有脊椎动物有一个独特的下丘脑-许多神经激素肽的来源，发挥关键作用的发展，功能和维持各种神经元和内分泌系统，它建议，玻璃海鞘脑包含一个区域，对应于脊椎动物下丘脑。为了鉴定在脑中表达的基因，我们使用携带Ci-β-微管蛋白（启动子）：：Kaede的转基因胚胎分离脑囊泡，这导致在幼虫CNS中稳健的Kaede表达。使用微阵列分析研究相关的转录组。我们确定了565个基因，优先在幼虫的大脑中表达。在这些基因中，有11个编码神经激素肽，包括下丘脑促性腺激素释放激素和催产素/加压素等肽。其中6个已鉴定的肽基因以前未被描述过。我们还发现，编码某些肽受体的基因在大脑中表达。有趣的是，整体原位杂交显示，大多数肽基因在腹侧脑中表达。这个在幼虫脑中表达的基因目录应该有助于阐明脊索动物脑的进化、发育和功能。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Despite containing only approximately 330 cells, the central nervous system (CNS) of Ciona intestinalis larvae has an architecture that is similar to the vertebrate CNS. Although only vertebrates have a distinct hypothalamus-the source of numerous neurohormone peptides that play pivotal roles in the development, function, and maintenance of various neuronal and endocrine systems, it is suggested that the Ciona brain contains a region that corresponds to the vertebrate hypothalamus. To identify genes expressed in the brain, we isolated brain vesicles using transgenic embryos carrying Ci-beta-tubulin(promoter)::Kaede, which resulted in robust Kaede expression in the larval CNS. The associated transcriptome was investigated using microarray analysis. We identified 565 genes that were preferentially expressed in the larval brain. Among these genes, 11 encoded neurohormone peptides including such hypothalamic peptides as gonadotropin-releasing hormone and oxytocin/vasopressin. Six of the identified peptide genes had not been previously described. We also found that genes encoding receptors for some of the peptides were expressed in the brain. Interestingly, whole-mount in situ hybridization showed that most of the peptide genes were expressed in the ventral brain. This catalog of the genes expressed in the larval brain should help elucidate the evolution, development, and functioning of the chordate brain. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.