Generalised model-independent characterisation of strong gravitational lenses – VI. The origin of the formalism intrinsic degeneracies and their influence on H0

Generalised model-independent characterisation of strong gravitational lenses – VI. The origin of the formalism intrinsic degeneracies and their influence on H0
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强引力透镜的广义模型无关表征 â VI 形式主义内在简并性的起源及其对 H0 的影响

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stz1587
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
J. Wagner
J. Wagner
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
J. Wagner

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我们在本系列的第四部分中基于数学基础导出了引力透镜形式主义的形式主义内在简并性的物理解释。我们发现所有简并的发生都是由于质量密度沿视线的分配而发生的。通常,它被分为背景(宇宙)密度和前景偏转物体。后者可以进一步分为主偏转物体和扰动物体。沿着视线的弱偏转物体也被添加到偏转物体或作为角直径距离的校正,扰乱宇宙背景密度。先验地,这是参考系和分区的任意选择。它们可以在不改变对沿整个视线的积分偏转质量密度敏感的透镜可观测量的情况下重新定义。重新表述时间延迟方程,使简并的解释变得容易可见,我们注意到可以从这个公式中消除源,这简化了偏转质量分布的重建或哈勃常数 H0 的推断。随后,我们列出了打破形式主义内在简并性的必要条件,并讨论了通过模型选择或包括非透镜可观测量(例如沿视线的速度色散)来打破它们的方法及其优点和缺点。最后,我们系统地总结了所有形式主义内在的堕落以及打破它们的可能性。
We give a physical interpretation of the formalism intrinsic degeneracies of the gravitational lensing formalism that we derived on a mathematical basis in part IV of this series. We find that all degeneracies occur due to the partition of the mass density along the line of sight. Usually, it is partitioned into a background (cosmic) density and a foreground deflecting object. The latter can be further partitioned into a main deflecting object and perturbers. Weak deflecting objects along the line of sight are also added, either to the deflecting object or as a correction of the angular diameter distances, perturbing the cosmological background density. A priori, this is an arbitrary choice of reference frame and partition. They can be redefined without changing the lensing observables that are sensitive to the integrated deflecting mass density along the entire line of sight. Reformulating the time delay equation such that this interpretation of the degeneracies becomes easily visible, we note that the source can be eliminated from this formulation, which simplifies reconstructions of the deflecting mass distribution or the inference of the Hubble constant,H0. Subsequently, we list necessary conditions to break the formalism intrinsic degeneracies and discuss ways to break them by model choices or including non-lensing observables such as velocity dispersions along the line of sight with their advantages and disadvantages. We conclude with a systematic summary of all formalism intrinsic degeneracies and possibilities to break them.
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