Inelastic surface deformation during the 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan, earthquake
Inelastic surface deformation during the 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan, earthquake
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DOI：
10.1130/g37290.1
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
A. Vallage;Y. Klinger;R. Grandin;H. Bhat;M. Pierrot-Deseilligny
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Vallage;Y. Klinger;R. Grandin;H. Bhat;M. Pierrot-Deseilligny
由于地表破裂的内在复杂性，与地震相关的近场形变的全面量化是困难的。公元2013年，巴基斯坦俾路支省发生地震，震级为7.7级，地震以左旋运动为主，并伴有一些反向分量，造成霍沙布断层一段200公里长的断裂。我们详细描述了同震破裂沿着其整个长度。光学和雷达卫星图像相结合，推导出完整的三维远场位移（115米像素大小）和高分辨率的2.5米像素水平位移场造成的地震。我们发现，垂直变形是显着的，在几个位置。高分辨率近场水平位移（破裂周围<1公里）显示，在断层面的非弹性缩短显着大于从简单的弹性模拟预期。上盘的延伸区，宽达1公里，集中了许多在亚米级光学图像中可见的拉伸裂缝，弥补了这种过度缩短。
Comprehensive quantification of the near-field deformation associated with an earthquake is difficult due to the inherent complexity of surface ruptures. The A.D. 2013 M w 7.7 Balochistan (Pakistan) earthquake, dominated by left-lateral motion with some reverse component, ruptured a 200-km-long section of the Hoshab fault. We characterize the coseismic rupture in detail along its entire length. Optical and radar satellite images are combined to derive the full three-dimensional far-field displacement (115 m pixel size) and the high-resolution 2.5 m pixel horizontal displacement field resulting from the earthquake. We show that the vertical deformation is significant in several locations. The high-resolution near-field horizontal displacement (<1 km around the rupture) reveals inelastic shortening at the fault surface significantly larger than expected from simple elastic modeling. A zone of extension in the hanging wall, as much as 1 km wide, concentrating numerous tensile cracks visible in submeter-scale optical images, compensates for this excess shortening.